Time dependence and properties of nonstationary states in the continuous spectrum of atoms

Mercouris, T; Nicolaides, CA

dc.contributor.author	Mercouris, T	en
dc.contributor.author	Nicolaides, CA	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:13:29Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:13:29Z
dc.date.issued	1997	en
dc.identifier.issn	0953-4075	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/12500
dc.subject.classification	Optics	en
dc.subject.classification	Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical	en
dc.subject.other	PARTIAL WIDTHS	en
dc.subject.other	RESONANCES	en
dc.subject.other	ENERGIES	en
dc.subject.other	ION	en
dc.subject.other	HE	en
dc.subject.other	COMPUTATION	en
dc.subject.other	SCATTERING	en
dc.subject.other	H2	en
dc.title	Time dependence and properties of nonstationary states in the continuous spectrum of atoms	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1088/0953-4075/30/4/006	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/30/4/006	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	1997	en
heal.abstract	The recently measured Li- 1s(2)2s2p(3)P degrees shape resonance, the Ca KLM 3d5p F-3 degrees doubly excited autoionizing state and the long-lived He- 1s2s2p (4)P(5/2)degrees metastable level were treated as nonstationary states satisfying the time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE). The lifetimes of the first two are short, of the order of 10(-14) s, and the solution of the TDSE well into times where nonexponential decay (NED) is established, is achievable via the state-specific expansion approach (SSEA), according to which the time-dependent solution has the form Psi(t) = c(t)Psi(0) + X(t). Psi(0) is the square-integrable wavefunction of the localized state at t = 0 and X(t) is composed mainly of energy normalized scattering functions with time-dependent coefficients. The coefficient c(t) is related to the survival amplitude, alpha(t), by c(t) = alpha(f) - [Psi(0)\X(t)], where the overlap matrix element appears when the function spaces are not completely orthonormal. For the diffuse Li- 1s(2)2s2p(3)P degrees resonance, its analysis as a decaying state has as a prerequisite the calculation of a reliable Psi(0), with correlation between the two valence electrons. This has been achieved by a special procedure and a related discussion is given. The proximity of the energy E to threshold (similar to 50 meV), the closeness of the ratio E/Gamma to unity (Gamma is the resonance width) and the energy dependence of the bound-free matrix element, produced the result that NED should appear after only two lifetimes, when the probability of finding the system in the initial state is still non-negligible. From the exponential part of the decay curve, the width was found to be Gamma = 53 meV, in agreement with the recent width of 64 +/- 25 meV derived from measured cross sections in recent collision experiments (Lee et al 1996). The shortness of the time for which exponential decay (ED) holds and the fact that the survival probability, P(t), is still significant at the beginning of the NED, does not allow the rigorous justification of the definition of the lifetime from tau = (h) over bar/Gamma, or the equivalence of this Gamma with the observed energy width. Thus, we propose that a mean life, tau, should be obtained from <(tau)over bar> = [t] = integral(0)tP(t)dt/integral(0)P(t)dt Calculation produces tau = 1.2 x 10-(14) s and <(tau)over bar> = 1.7 x 10(-14) s. For the Ca F-3 degrees state, whose bound-free interaction is smooth and nearly constant from zero to about 5.5 eV, NED appears after 17 lifetimes. The lifetime of Ca F-3 degrees is deduced from the exponential decay (ED) part of P(t) to be 3.5 x 10(-14) s. From our examination of the case of the He(- 4)P(5/2)degrees level by a number of methods based on the use of state-specific wavefunctions, we conclude that for metastable states whose lifetimes are in the range 10(-4)-10(-8) s, the ab initio calculation of P(t) is, at present, prohibited by the huge requirements for computer time. Finally, having computed the amplitude alpha(t), we obtain numerically the energy distribution function, g(E) = \[E\Psi(0)]\(2), of the two autoionizing states. In the case of Ca it is a perfect Lorentzian.	en
heal.publisher	IOP PUBLISHING LTD	en
heal.journalName	Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1088/0953-4075/30/4/006	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:A1997WM29300006	en
dc.identifier.volume	30	en
dc.identifier.issue	4	en
dc.identifier.spage	811	en
dc.identifier.epage	824	en