Correlation between aerosols, deposits and weathering crusts on ancient marbles

Moropoulou, A; Bisbikou, K; Van Grieken, R; Torfs, K; Polikreti, K

dc.contributor.author	Moropoulou, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Bisbikou, K	en
dc.contributor.author	Van Grieken, R	en
dc.contributor.author	Torfs, K	en
dc.contributor.author	Polikreti, K	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:16:15Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:16:15Z
dc.date.issued	2001	en
dc.identifier.issn	0959-3330	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/14000
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034930287&partnerID=40&md5=1342e79440fc4c6a5b05ec06eb9ea99e	en
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034930287&partnerID=40&md5=1342e79440fc4c6a5b05ec06eb9ea99e	en
dc.subject	Aerosols	en
dc.subject	Discriminant analysis	en
dc.subject	Industrial pollution	en
dc.subject	Marble	en
dc.subject	Weathering crusts	en
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences	en
dc.subject.other	bromine	en
dc.subject.other	calcium	en
dc.subject.other	calcium carbonate	en
dc.subject.other	calcium sulfate	en
dc.subject.other	chlorine	en
dc.subject.other	manganese	en
dc.subject.other	rain	en
dc.subject.other	silicon	en
dc.subject.other	strontium	en
dc.subject.other	sulfur	en
dc.subject.other	yttrium	en
dc.subject.other	aerosol	en
dc.subject.other	atmospheric deposition	en
dc.subject.other	atmospheric pollution	en
dc.subject.other	discriminant analysis	en
dc.subject.other	marble	en
dc.subject.other	principal component analysis	en
dc.subject.other	weathering	en
dc.subject.other	aerosol	en
dc.subject.other	air pollution	en
dc.subject.other	airborne particle	en
dc.subject.other	archeology	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	atmosphere	en
dc.subject.other	atomic absorption	en
dc.subject.other	atomic emission spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	chemical composition	en
dc.subject.other	chemical structure	en
dc.subject.other	controlled study	en
dc.subject.other	correlation function	en
dc.subject.other	crystal	en
dc.subject.other	deterioration	en
dc.subject.other	discriminant analysis	en
dc.subject.other	environment	en
dc.subject.other	environmental exposure	en
dc.subject.other	evolution	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	industry	en
dc.subject.other	information	en
dc.subject.other	ion pair chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	marble	en
dc.subject.other	metallurgy	en
dc.subject.other	microscopy	en
dc.subject.other	parameter	en
dc.subject.other	physical chemistry	en
dc.subject.other	principal component analysis	en
dc.subject.other	rock	en
dc.subject.other	scanning electron microscopy	en
dc.subject.other	surface property	en
dc.subject.other	X ray diffraction	en
dc.subject.other	X ray fluorescence	en
dc.subject.other	Aerosols	en
dc.subject.other	Air Pollutants	en
dc.subject.other	Calcium Carbonate	en
dc.subject.other	Calcium Sulfate	en
dc.subject.other	Chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental Monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	Humans	en
dc.subject.other	Industry	en
dc.subject.other	Rain	en
dc.subject.other	Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission	en
dc.subject.other	Spectrophotometry, Atomic	en
dc.subject.other	Weather	en
dc.subject.other	X-Ray Diffraction	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.title	Correlation between aerosols, deposits and weathering crusts on ancient marbles	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2001	en
heal.abstract	The structure and physicochemical characteristics of weathered surfaces of marble in industrial environments can be attributed to the interconnected evolution of the processes taking place at the atmospheric environment - marble interface. The present work is an attempt to correlate the aerosols of a heavily polluted atmosphere with the different weathering patterns observed on marble surfaces. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence, X-Ray Diffraction, Porosimetry, Atomic Absorption, Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Ion Chromatography, Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy results were used together in principal component and discriminant analysis. These analyses were performed on forty six samples of aerosols and eighteen samples of crusts. Other parameters like orientation of the weathered surface, exposure to rainfall, presence of recrystalised calcite and gypsum were also used. The samples were collected from the archaeological site of the Sanctuary of Demeter, located near Eleusis (west of Athens, Greece), where a great number of industries (mainly metallurgical and chemical) cause several environmental problems. The results provide invaluable information on the nature of marble surface decay. The elements determining the chemical composition of the coarse airborne particles are Ca, Si, S, Br and Cl. The presence of gypsum is strongly related to black crusts or loose deposits. Y, Mn and rain exposure, are correlated with each other and related to black-gray crusts. Ca and Sr are correlated with washed-out surfaces. Finally discriminant analysis is proved to be a powerful tool in prediction of the type of decay that will be occur on a marble surface, given the composition and type of the polluted atmosphere.	en
heal.publisher	SELPER LTD, PUBLICATIONS DIV	en
heal.journalName	Environmental Technology	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000169968300001	en
dc.identifier.volume	22	en
dc.identifier.issue	6	en
dc.identifier.spage	607	en
dc.identifier.epage	618	en