Use of selected minerals as secondary raw materials in cement industry. Part I: Effect on the burnability of raw mix

Tsivilis, S; Kakali, G; Perraki, T; Stamatakis, M; Kolovos, K; Aivaliotis, J; Perraki, M

dc.contributor.author	Tsivilis, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Kakali, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Perraki, T	en
dc.contributor.author	Stamatakis, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Kolovos, K	en
dc.contributor.author	Aivaliotis, J	en
dc.contributor.author	Perraki, M	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:17:18Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:17:18Z
dc.date.issued	2001	en
dc.identifier.issn	10139826	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/14442
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034782882&partnerID=40&md5=f4d2bb2dc684a1631dfb0fcb146ae149	en
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034782882&partnerID=40&md5=f4d2bb2dc684a1631dfb0fcb146ae149	en
dc.subject	Burnability	en
dc.subject	Cement	en
dc.subject	Mineral additions	en
dc.subject	Raw mix	en
dc.subject.other	Burnability	en
dc.subject.other	Cement raw mix	en
dc.subject.other	Antimony	en
dc.subject.other	Differential thermal analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Energy utilization	en
dc.subject.other	Lime	en
dc.subject.other	Minerals	en
dc.subject.other	Raw materials	en
dc.subject.other	Sintering	en
dc.subject.other	Cement manufacture	en
dc.title	Use of selected minerals as secondary raw materials in cement industry. Part I: Effect on the burnability of raw mix	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.publicationDate	2001	en
heal.abstract	It is well known that the most energy demanding stage in the cement industry, is the sintering process. The decrease of the energy consumption during the sintering can be brought about either by the improvement of the kiln design and performance or by the addition of mineralising or fluxing agents that accelerate the solid reactions and/or lower the melting point of the clinker liquid phase. It has been found that certain foreign elements, despite their low concentration in cement raw mix, may accelerate the sintering reactions and improve the reactivity of the cement raw mix. The subject of this paper is to investigate the possibility to introduce small amounts of minerals, containing these elements, in the cement raw mix. The minerals, iron rich wolframite, stibnite and a wolframite-stibnite assemblage, were selected in order to introduce W, Sb and S in the cement raw mix. One reference and twelve modified mixtures, prepared by mixing the reference sample with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % w/w of the above minerals, were studied. The effect on the reactivity of the raw mix is evaluated on the basis of the unreacted lime content in samples sintered at 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1350, 1400 and 1450°C. It is concluded that minerals containing Sb promote the consumption of the free lime, in the most effective way. In addition, the sintering reactions in all samples were recorded by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA). As it is shown, the added minerals affect mainly the final stages of the sintering and specifically the reactions that proceed in the presence of the liquid phase. This fact indicates that the constituents of the added minerals affect mainly the formation and the properties of the melt and therefore change the reactivity of the mixture at high temperatures. © 2002 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.	en
heal.journalName	Key Engineering Materials	en
dc.identifier.issue	213 PART 3	en
dc.identifier.spage	1891	en
dc.identifier.epage	1894	en