Regional levels of ozone in the troposphere over eastern Mediterranean

Kourtidis, K; Zerefos, C; Rapsomanikis, S; Simeonov, V; Balis, D; Perros, PE; Thompson, AM; Witte, J; Calpini, B; Sharobiem, WM; Papayannis, A; Mihalopoulos, N; Drakou, R

dc.contributor.author	Kourtidis, K	en
dc.contributor.author	Zerefos, C	en
dc.contributor.author	Rapsomanikis, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Simeonov, V	en
dc.contributor.author	Balis, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Perros, PE	en
dc.contributor.author	Thompson, AM	en
dc.contributor.author	Witte, J	en
dc.contributor.author	Calpini, B	en
dc.contributor.author	Sharobiem, WM	en
dc.contributor.author	Papayannis, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Mihalopoulos, N	en
dc.contributor.author	Drakou, R	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:18:17Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:18:17Z
dc.date.issued	2002	en
dc.identifier.issn	0747-7309	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/14918
dc.subject	Eastern mediterranean	en
dc.subject	Regional pollution	en
dc.subject	Tropospheric ozone	en
dc.subject.classification	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences	en
dc.subject.other	Aircraft	en
dc.subject.other	Boundary layers	en
dc.subject.other	Industrial emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Optical radar	en
dc.subject.other	Ozone	en
dc.subject.other	Ships	en
dc.subject.other	Toxicity	en
dc.subject.other	Troposphere	en
dc.title	Regional levels of ozone in the troposphere over eastern Mediterranean	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1029/2000JD000140	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000140	en
heal.identifier.secondary	8140	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2002	en
heal.abstract	During the last 5 years, information on the regional tropospheric ozone levels over the eastern Mediterranean has become available but was confined to measurements at ground level. Here available information is expanded with measurements at two more rural ground level sites spanning 8° latitude, ozonesonde ascents, lidar observations, ship cruises, and aircraft flights. During wintertime the ozone monthly values are 1020 ppbv higher than values at other European sites, while during summertime the values are comparable. This results in regional ozone background levels in the area that are above the European Union (EU) 32 ppb/24 hours phytotoxicity limit during the entire year. Late spring lidar observations show that south and southwestern synoptic flows which are associated with Saharan dust events result in lower ozone above the planetary boundary layer (PBL) by 20-35 ppbv as compared to these during northerly flows, which transport air from continental Europe. These lidar observations along with ship measurements during July show that ozone is enhanced 1.5-2.2 times in the continental outflow, when compared to aged maritime air or air from the African continent. These results along with ozonesonde observations suggest that ozone abatement in the area is largely beyond the control of regional emissions and can be controlled only with emission reductions on a European scale. During September, measured background NO and NO2 levels between 3 and 4.5 km above sea level ranged from 1 to 221 pptv and from 102 to 580 pptv, respectively. The troposphere contains around 40-70 Dobson units of ozone during summer and around 20-30 Dobson units during winter. Copyright 2002 by the American Geophysical Union.	en
heal.publisher	AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION	en
heal.journalName	Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1029/2000JD000140	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000180427400021	en
dc.identifier.volume	107	en
dc.identifier.issue	18	en
dc.identifier.spage	7	en
dc.identifier.epage	1-7-13	en