Exposure to carbon monoxide in the Athens urban area during commuting

Duci, A; Chaloulakou, A; Spyrellis, N

dc.contributor.author	Duci, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Chaloulakou, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Spyrellis, N	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:18:59Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:18:59Z
dc.date.issued	2003	en
dc.identifier.issn	0048-9697	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/15302
dc.subject	Carbon monoxide	en
dc.subject	Commuter exposure	en
dc.subject	Transport microenvironment	en
dc.subject	Urban area	en
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences	en
dc.subject.other	Air pollution	en
dc.subject.other	Electrochemistry	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental engineering	en
dc.subject.other	Ground vehicles	en
dc.subject.other	Electric train	en
dc.subject.other	Carbon monoxide	en
dc.subject.other	carbon monoxide	en
dc.subject.other	carbon monoxide	en
dc.subject.other	commuting	en
dc.subject.other	pollution exposure	en
dc.subject.other	urban area	en
dc.subject.other	air monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	air pollution	en
dc.subject.other	air sampling	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	environmental exposure	en
dc.subject.other	environmental monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	exhaust gas	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	health survey	en
dc.subject.other	priority journal	en
dc.subject.other	travel	en
dc.subject.other	Automobile Driving	en
dc.subject.other	Carbon Monoxide	en
dc.subject.other	Cities	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental Exposure	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Humans	en
dc.subject.other	Public Health	en
dc.subject.other	Transportation	en
dc.subject.other	Urban Population	en
dc.subject.other	Vehicle Emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Walking	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.title	Exposure to carbon monoxide in the Athens urban area during commuting	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00045-7	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00045-7	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2003	en
heal.abstract	An extensive survey has been designed to provide detailed information on carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in the main transport modes and along heavy traffic routes in the Athens urban area. Specifically the study identifies the main factors affecting CO exposure during commuting. Several portable, electrochemical CO monitors (Solomat's MPM4100), were used to record the in-vehicle CO concentrations every 15 s. Measurements were performed during rush hour periods. Field monitoring was conducted in summer 1998 and winter 1998-1999. Exposure estimates were compared to WHO guidelines. The findings showed that the mean CO level over trips of 30 min was 21.4 ppm for private car against 10.4, 9.6, 4 and 11.5 ppm for bus, trolley, electric train and pedestrians, respectively. Transport mode, route, monitoring period and season had a significant influence on the measured CO concentrations. The study points out the importance of microenvironmental monitoring, instead of using fixed-site data in assessing commuter's CO exposure. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV	en
heal.journalName	Science of the Total Environment	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00045-7	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000183850800004	en
dc.identifier.volume	309	en
dc.identifier.issue	1-3	en
dc.identifier.spage	47	en
dc.identifier.epage	58	en