A stand-alone photovoltaic power system for remote villages using pumped water energy storage

Manolakos, D; Papadakis, G; Papantonis, D; Kyritsis, S

dc.contributor.author	Manolakos, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Papadakis, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Papantonis, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Kyritsis, S	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:19:48Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:19:48Z
dc.date.issued	2004	en
dc.identifier.issn	0360-5442	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/15720
dc.subject	Energy Storage	en
dc.subject	Power System	en
dc.subject	Satisfiability	en
dc.subject	System Performance	en
dc.subject	Alternating Current	en
dc.subject	Sea Level	en
dc.subject.classification	Thermodynamics	en
dc.subject.classification	Energy & Fuels	en
dc.subject.other	Electric batteries	en
dc.subject.other	Energy storage	en
dc.subject.other	Photovoltaic effects	en
dc.subject.other	Turbines	en
dc.subject.other	Water	en
dc.subject.other	Photovoltaic power systems	en
dc.subject.other	Energy management	en
dc.subject.other	photovoltaic system	en
dc.subject.other	pumping	en
dc.subject.other	rural area	en
dc.subject.other	solar power	en
dc.subject.other	storage	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.title	A stand-alone photovoltaic power system for remote villages using pumped water energy storage	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.energy.2003.08.008	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2003.08.008	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2004	en
heal.abstract	The present paper regards the implementation of a stand-alone photovoltaic plant in which battery storage is partially replaced by a micro-hydraulic system. The plant was installed on Donoussa Island in the Aegean Sea, Greece to cover basic electricity needs of the remote village of Merssini (13 houses). Lighting, TV set and refrigerator were considered basic electricity needs for each house. The photovoltaic array consists of 300 photovoltaic modules of 60 W-p each, for a combined 18 kW(p) total installed power. The micro-hydraulic system consists of a water pump of 6 kV A and a water turbine coupled with a DC generator of 7.5 kW and two identical water reservoirs of 150 m(3) capacity each. During the day, the load is satisfied directly form the photovoltaic generator through an inverter (UPS unit of 25 kV A, 380 V-3 phases alternative current), while any energy surplus is directed to the pump for pumping water from the low level reservoir (at about 100 m altitude from sea level), to the high level reservoir (at about 200 m altitude from sea level). During the night, water is turbined to the low level reservoir providing energy to the load. There is also a battery bank of 186 cells of 2 V nominal voltage in series, with a total capacity of 100 A h. The batteries cover primarily load peaks. The paper presents first results and experience gained from the system performance. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	en
heal.journalName	Energy	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.energy.2003.08.008	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000186316300005	en
dc.identifier.volume	29	en
dc.identifier.issue	1	en
dc.identifier.spage	57	en
dc.identifier.epage	69	en