Identification of red natural dyes in post-byzantine icons by HPLC

Karapanagiotis, I; Daniilia; Tsakalof, A; Chryssoulakis, Y

dc.contributor.author	Karapanagiotis, I	en
dc.contributor.author	Daniilia	en
dc.contributor.author	Tsakalof, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Chryssoulakis, Y	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:22:30Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:22:30Z
dc.date.issued	2005	en
dc.identifier.issn	1082-6076	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/16589
dc.subject	Art analysis	en
dc.subject	Brazilwood	en
dc.subject	Cochineal	en
dc.subject	Dyestuff	en
dc.subject	HPLC	en
dc.subject.classification	Biochemical Research Methods	en
dc.subject.classification	Chemistry, Analytical	en
dc.subject.other	Arrays	en
dc.subject.other	Diodes	en
dc.subject.other	Dyes	en
dc.subject.other	Separation	en
dc.subject.other	Ultraviolet detectors	en
dc.subject.other	Ultraviolet radiation	en
dc.subject.other	Byzantine coloring technology	en
dc.subject.other	Organic colorants	en
dc.subject.other	Red natural dyes	en
dc.subject.other	UV-Vis diode array detection	en
dc.subject.other	High performance liquid chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	alizarin	en
dc.subject.other	carminic acid	en
dc.subject.other	coloring agent	en
dc.subject.other	dye	en
dc.subject.other	purpurin	en
dc.subject.other	archeology	en
dc.subject.other	art	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	autooxidation	en
dc.subject.other	chemical analysis	en
dc.subject.other	extraction	en
dc.subject.other	high performance liquid chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	history of medicine	en
dc.subject.other	Middle East	en
dc.subject.other	Caesalpinia echinata	en
dc.subject.other	Rubia tinctorum	en
dc.title	Identification of red natural dyes in post-byzantine icons by HPLC	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1081/JLC-200048896	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/JLC-200048896	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2005	en
heal.abstract	A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methodology, combined with UV-Vis Diode Array Detection, is developed for the separation and identification of five reddish natural dyestuffs: cochineal, madder, lac dye, dragon blood, and brazilwood. The method is used for the identification of organic dyes in extracts originating from five icons, four of which are representative for the post Byzantine era (15th to 19th century) and one is typical for the Byzantine coloring technology (created at the 14th century). The origin and the nature of the coloring content of Mediterranean art objects, created in these historical periods are not well known. Carminic acid, the main active, coloring, ingredient of cochineal was identified in four icons, including the one of the 14th century. Brazilwood was found to be the only organic colorant in one icon of the post Byzantine era. It was also present, in addition to cochineal, in the icon of the Byzantine period. Further discussion, associated with the dyestuff origin, is provided based on the analytical results and the available historical data. Copyright © Taylor & Francis, Inc.	en
heal.publisher	MARCEL DEKKER INC	en
heal.journalName	Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1081/JLC-200048896	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000227473200009	en
dc.identifier.volume	28	en
dc.identifier.issue	5	en
dc.identifier.spage	739	en
dc.identifier.epage	749	en