Testing the retardancy effect of various inorganic chemicals on smoldering combustion of Pinus halepensis needles

Liodakis, S; Vorisis, D; Agiovlasitis, IP

dc.contributor.author	Liodakis, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Vorisis, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Agiovlasitis, IP	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:25:14Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:25:14Z
dc.date.issued	2006	en
dc.identifier.issn	0040-6031	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/17609
dc.subject	Inorganic chemical retardants	en
dc.subject	Pinus halepensis needles	en
dc.subject	Relative particle foliar flammability	en
dc.subject	Smoldering combustion	en
dc.subject.classification	Chemistry, Analytical	en
dc.subject.classification	Chemistry, Physical	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiversity	en
dc.subject.other	Combustion	en
dc.subject.other	Copper	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental impact	en
dc.subject.other	Fire hazards	en
dc.subject.other	Iron	en
dc.subject.other	Materials testing	en
dc.subject.other	Sodium chloride	en
dc.subject.other	Temperature control	en
dc.subject.other	Inorganic chemical retardants	en
dc.subject.other	Pinus halepensis needles	en
dc.subject.other	Relative particle foliar flammability	en
dc.subject.other	Smoldering combustion	en
dc.subject.other	Inorganic chemicals	en
dc.title	Testing the retardancy effect of various inorganic chemicals on smoldering combustion of Pinus halepensis needles	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.tca.2006.03.010	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2006.03.010	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2006	en
heal.abstract	The fire retarding performance of 28 different inorganic chemical substances was tested by measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of Pinus halepensis needles treated with these chemicals. The tests were performed using a new method, based on a specifically designed apparatus for monitoring the forest species temperature, under precisely controlled temperature and static air atmosphere conditions. The relative ignition and smoldering combustion properties determined were: the ignition delay time, the combustion rate, the heat content and the mass residue of forest samples. The key elements for the effectiveness of fire retardants were the delay of ignition and the reduction of heat and combustion rate. The chemicals examined were: Cu, Fe, Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2-H2O, NaHCO3, KI, KBr, KCl, NaCl, CaCO3, MnSO4-5H(2)O, CuSO(4)(.)5H(2)O, MgCl2(.)6H(2)O, Na(2)B(4)O(7)(.)10H(2)O, Na2HPO4, Na2CO3, Na2SiO3, ZnSO4-7H(2)O, Zn-3(PO4)(2)(.)2H(2)O, NH4Br, NH4Cl, NH4HCO3, (NH4)(2)CO3, NH4H2PO4 (MAP), (NH4)(2)SO4 (AS), (NH4)(2)HPO4 (DAP) and a commercial retardant containing both DAP and AS. Among them the best performance was exhibited by ammoniac phosphates, followed by ammoniac sulfates and silica. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV	en
heal.journalName	Thermochimica Acta	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.tca.2006.03.010	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000238054500006	en
dc.identifier.volume	444	en
dc.identifier.issue	2	en
dc.identifier.spage	157	en
dc.identifier.epage	165	en