The role of soil in the collapse of 18 piers of Hanshin expressway in the Kobe earthquake

Mylonakis, G; Syngros, C; Gazetas, G; Tazoh, T

dc.contributor.author	Mylonakis, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Syngros, C	en
dc.contributor.author	Gazetas, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Tazoh, T	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:25:16Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:25:16Z
dc.date.issued	2006	en
dc.identifier.issn	0098-8847	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/17630
dc.subject	Bridge	en
dc.subject	Inelastic response	en
dc.subject	Numerical analysis	en
dc.subject	Pier	en
dc.subject	Piles	en
dc.subject	Soil-structure interaction	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Civil	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Geological	en
dc.subject.other	Bridge piers	en
dc.subject.other	Concrete bridges	en
dc.subject.other	Earthquake effects	en
dc.subject.other	Earthquake resistance	en
dc.subject.other	Numerical analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Seismology	en
dc.subject.other	Soil structure interactions	en
dc.subject.other	Free-field soil response	en
dc.subject.other	Inelastic response	en
dc.subject.other	Waterfront structures	en
dc.subject.other	Earthquakes	en
dc.subject.other	concrete structure	en
dc.subject.other	Kobe earthquake 1995	en
dc.subject.other	pile response	en
dc.subject.other	seismic response	en
dc.subject.other	soil-structure interaction	en
dc.subject.other	Asia	en
dc.subject.other	Eurasia	en
dc.subject.other	Far East	en
dc.subject.other	Honshu	en
dc.subject.other	Hyogo	en
dc.subject.other	Japan	en
dc.subject.other	Kinki	en
dc.subject.other	Kobe	en
dc.title	The role of soil in the collapse of 18 piers of Hanshin expressway in the Kobe earthquake	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1002/eqe.543	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eqe.543	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2006	en
heal.abstract	An investigation is presented of the collapse of a 630 m segment (Fukae section) of the elevated Hanshin Expressway during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The earthquake has, from a geotechnical viewpoint, been associated with extensive liquefactions, lateral soil spreading, and damage to waterfront structures. Evidence is presented that soil-structure interaction (SSI) in non-liquefied ground played a detrimental role in the seismic performance of this major structure. The bridge consisted of single circular concrete piers monolithically connected to a concrete deck, founded on groups of 17 piles in layers of loose to dense sands and moderate to stiff clays. There were 18 spans in total, all of which suffered a spectacular pier failure and transverse overturning. Several factors associated with poor structural design have already been identified. The scope of this work is to extend the previous studies by investigating the role of soil in the collapse. The following issues are examined: (1) seismological and geotechnical information pertaining to the site; (2) free-field soil response; (3) response of foundation-superstructure system; (4) evaluation of results against earlier studies that did not consider SSI. Results indicate that the role of soil in the collapse was multiple: First, it modified the bedrock motion so that the frequency content of the resulting surface motion became disadvantageous for the particular structure. Second, the compliance of soil and foundation altered the vibrational characteristics of the bridge and moved it to a region of stronger response. Third, the compliance of the foundation increased the participation of the fundamental mode of the structure, inducing stronger response. It is shown that the increase in inelastic seismic demand in the piers may have exceeded 100% in comparison with piers fixed at the base. These conclusions contradict a widespread view of an always-beneficial role of seismic SSI. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.	en
heal.publisher	JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD	en
heal.journalName	Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1002/eqe.543	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000236978600002	en
dc.identifier.volume	35	en
dc.identifier.issue	5	en
dc.identifier.spage	547	en
dc.identifier.epage	575	en