Waste ammunition as secondary mineralizing raw material in Portland cement production

Kolovos, KG

dc.contributor.author	Kolovos, KG	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:25:30Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:25:30Z
dc.date.issued	2006	en
dc.identifier.issn	0958-9465	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/17685
dc.subject	Cement raw mix	en
dc.subject	Clinker	en
dc.subject	Mineralizers	en
dc.subject	Volatility	en
dc.subject	Waste ammunition	en
dc.subject.classification	Construction & Building Technology	en
dc.subject.classification	Materials Science, Composites	en
dc.subject.other	Computer simulation	en
dc.subject.other	Hydration	en
dc.subject.other	Sintering	en
dc.subject.other	Waste management	en
dc.subject.other	Cement raw mix	en
dc.subject.other	Clinker	en
dc.subject.other	Waste ammunition	en
dc.subject.other	Portland cement	en
dc.title	Waste ammunition as secondary mineralizing raw material in Portland cement production	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2005.10.001	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2005.10.001	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2006	en
heal.abstract	This paper presents a laboratory scale simulation that aims to investigate the possibility of partially substituting ordinary cement raw mix with waste ammunition materials (WAM), originated from a shooting range in Athens, Greece, in Portland cement clinker production. One reference and twelve modified mixtures, containing 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% w/w of three blends of corresponding types of waste ammunition materials, were examined. It was concluded that the three used WAM blends, improve remarkably the burnability of the cement raw mixture, even though in a different extent, without affecting considerably the hydration rate and the cement properties. In spite of the high volatile matter in the WAM, primarily due to high levels of lead present, incorporation degree of the heavy metals present in the WAM blends in the mineralogical clinker compounds was rather high during the sintering process. Leaching tests showed that the heavy metal concentrations in the leachates were kept low. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCI LTD	en
heal.journalName	Cement and Concrete Composites	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2005.10.001	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000234967800004	en
dc.identifier.volume	28	en
dc.identifier.issue	2	en
dc.identifier.spage	133	en
dc.identifier.epage	143	en