Foundation-structure systems over a rupturing normal fault: Part II. Analysis of the Kocaeli case histories

Anastasopoulos, I; Gazetas, G

dc.contributor.author	Anastasopoulos, I	en
dc.contributor.author	Gazetas, G	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:26:23Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:26:23Z
dc.date.issued	2007	en
dc.identifier.issn	1570-761X	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/18045
dc.subject	Case history	en
dc.subject	Centrifuge model test	en
dc.subject	Fault rupture	en
dc.subject	Finite elements	en
dc.subject	Foundation	en
dc.subject	Soil-structure interaction	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Geological	en
dc.subject.classification	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary	en
dc.subject.other	Centrifuges	en
dc.subject.other	Finite element method	en
dc.subject.other	Soils	en
dc.subject.other	Stiffness	en
dc.subject.other	Centrifuge model tests	en
dc.subject.other	Fault rupture	en
dc.subject.other	Soil structure interaction	en
dc.subject.other	Earthquakes	en
dc.subject.other	dislocation	en
dc.subject.other	earthquake rupture	en
dc.subject.other	fault propagation	en
dc.subject.other	finite element method	en
dc.subject.other	foundation	en
dc.subject.other	Kocaeli earthquake 1999	en
dc.subject.other	normal fault	en
dc.subject.other	outcrop	en
dc.subject.other	rigidity	en
dc.subject.other	soil-structure interaction	en
dc.subject.other	stiffness	en
dc.title	Foundation-structure systems over a rupturing normal fault: Part II. Analysis of the Kocaeli case histories	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1007/s10518-007-9030-9	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-007-9030-9	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2007	en
heal.abstract	Motivated by the observed (successful and unsuccessful) performance of numerous structures on top of, or immediately next to a normal fault that ruptured during the Kocaeli 1999 earthquake, this paper: (i) develops a two-step finite element methodology to study the propagation of a fault rupture through soil and its interplay with the foundation-structure system, denoted hereafter ""Fault Rupture-Soil- Foundation-Structure Interaction"" (FR-SFSI), (ii) provides validation of the developed methodology through successful Class ""A"" predictions of centrifuge model tests, and (iii) applies the centrifuge-validated methodology to study one-by-one the Kocaeli case histories of the first paper (Part I). It is shown that the presence of a structure on top of an outcropping fault may have a significant influence on the rupture path: with heavy structures founded on continuous and rigid foundations, the fault rupture diverts substantially and may avoid rupturing underneath the structure. The latter undergoes rigid body rotation, with its foundation sometimes loosing contact with the bearing soil, but in most cases retaining its structural integrity. In stark contrast, buildings on isolated footings and, perhaps surprisingly, piles exert a smaller diversion of the rupture which is thus likely to outcrop between the footings or pile caps; the latter may thus undergo devastating differential displacements. It is shown that structures in the vicinity of faults can be designed to survive significant dislocations. The ""secret"" of successful performance lies on the continuity, stiffness, and rigidity of the foundation. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.	en
heal.publisher	SPRINGER	en
heal.journalName	Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1007/s10518-007-9030-9	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000248559000002	en
dc.identifier.volume	5	en
dc.identifier.issue	3	en
dc.identifier.spage	277	en
dc.identifier.epage	301	en