Nonlinear response of deep immersed tunnel to strong seismic shaking

Anastasopoulos, I; Gerolymos, N; Drosos, V; Kourkolis, R; Georgarakos, T; Gazetas, G

dc.contributor.author	Anastasopoulos, I	en
dc.contributor.author	Gerolymos, N	en
dc.contributor.author	Drosos, V	en
dc.contributor.author	Kourkolis, R	en
dc.contributor.author	Georgarakos, T	en
dc.contributor.author	Gazetas, G	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:26:44Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:26:44Z
dc.date.issued	2007	en
dc.identifier.issn	1090-0241	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/18208
dc.subject	Nonlinear Response	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Geological	en
dc.subject.classification	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary	en
dc.subject.other	INELASTIC DYNAMIC-ANALYSIS	en
dc.subject.other	LEFKADA ISLAND GREECE	en
dc.subject.other	GROUND MOTION	en
dc.subject.other	CORINTH RIFT	en
dc.subject.other	SPATIAL VARIABILITY	en
dc.subject.other	EARTHQUAKE	en
dc.subject.other	PART	en
dc.subject.other	MECHANISMS	en
dc.subject.other	LININGS	en
dc.subject.other	DESIGN	en
dc.title	Nonlinear response of deep immersed tunnel to strong seismic shaking	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:9(1067)	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:9(1067)	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2007	en
heal.abstract	Critical for the seismic safety of immersed tunnels is the magnitude of deformations developing in the segment joints, as a result of the combined longitudinal and lateral vibrations. Analysis and design against such vibrations is the main focus of this paper, with reference to a proposed 70 m-deep immersed tunnel in a highly seismic region, in Greece. The multisegment tunnel is modeled as a beam connected to the ground through properly calibrated interaction springs, dashpots, and sliders. Actual records of significant directivity-affected around motions, downscaled to 0.24 g peak acceleration, form the basis of the basement excitation. Free-field acceleration time histories are computed from these records through one-dimensional wave propagation equivalent-linear and nonlinear analyses of parametrically different soil profiles along the tunnel; they are then applied as excitation at the support of the springs, with a suitable time lac, to conservatively approximate wave passage effects. The joints between the tunnel segments are modeled realistically with special nonlinear hyperelastic elements, while their longitudinal prestressing due to the great (7 bar) water pressure is also considered. Nonlinear dynamic transient analysis of the tunnel is performed without ignoring the inertia of the thick-walled tunnel, and the influence of segment length and joint properties is investigated parametrically. It is shown that despite ground excitation with acceleration levels exceeding 0.50 g and velocity of about 80 cm/s at the base of the tunnel, net tension and excessive compression between the segments can be avoided with a suitable design of joint gaskets and a selection of relatively small segment lengths. Although this research was prompted by the needs of a specific project, the dynamic analysis methods, the proposed design concepts, and many of the conclusions of the study are sufficiently general and may apply in other immersed tunneling projects.	en
heal.publisher	ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS	en
heal.journalName	JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:9(1067)	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000248816300002	en
dc.identifier.volume	133	en
dc.identifier.issue	9	en
dc.identifier.spage	1067	en
dc.identifier.epage	1090	en