An overview of the PM10 pollution problem, in the Metropolitan Area of Athens, Greece. Assessment of controlling factors and potential impact of long range transport

Grivas, G; Chaloulakou, A; Kassomenos, P

dc.contributor.author	Grivas, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Chaloulakou, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Kassomenos, P	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:27:55Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:27:55Z
dc.date.issued	2008	en
dc.identifier.issn	00489697	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/18635
dc.subject	Air quality standards	en
dc.subject	Athens	en
dc.subject	Emission sources	en
dc.subject	Long range transport	en
dc.subject	Pm10	en
dc.subject	Spatial and temporal variation	en
dc.subject.other	Agglomeration	en
dc.subject.other	Concentration (process)	en
dc.subject.other	Standards	en
dc.subject.other	Statistical methods	en
dc.subject.other	Air quality standards	en
dc.subject.other	Emission sources	en
dc.subject.other	Long range transport	en
dc.subject.other	Spatial and temporal variation	en
dc.subject.other	Air pollution	en
dc.subject.other	air quality	en
dc.subject.other	assessment method	en
dc.subject.other	atmospheric pollution	en
dc.subject.other	emission	en
dc.subject.other	long range transport	en
dc.subject.other	metropolitan area	en
dc.subject.other	particulate matter	en
dc.subject.other	pollutant source	en
dc.subject.other	seasonal variation	en
dc.subject.other	spatial variation	en
dc.subject.other	standard (reference)	en
dc.subject.other	air monitor	en
dc.subject.other	air pollution	en
dc.subject.other	air quality	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	combustion	en
dc.subject.other	environmental impact	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	particulate matter	en
dc.subject.other	pollution transport	en
dc.subject.other	priority journal	en
dc.subject.other	traffic	en
dc.subject.other	urban area	en
dc.subject.other	air	en
dc.subject.other	air pollutant	en
dc.subject.other	chemistry	en
dc.subject.other	city	en
dc.subject.other	cluster analysis	en
dc.subject.other	environmental monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	particle size	en
dc.subject.other	season	en
dc.subject.other	Athens [Attica]	en
dc.subject.other	Attica	en
dc.subject.other	Eurasia	en
dc.subject.other	Europe	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Southern Europe	en
dc.subject.other	Air Movements	en
dc.subject.other	Air Pollutants	en
dc.subject.other	Cities	en
dc.subject.other	Cluster Analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental Monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Particle Size	en
dc.subject.other	Particulate Matter	en
dc.subject.other	Seasons	en
dc.title	An overview of the PM10 pollution problem, in the Metropolitan Area of Athens, Greece. Assessment of controlling factors and potential impact of long range transport	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.048	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.048	en
heal.publicationDate	2008	en
heal.abstract	The present study analyzes PM10 concentration data collected by the Greek air quality monitoring network at 8 sites over the Greater Athens Area, for the period of 2001-2004. The primary objectives were to assess the degree of compliance with the EU-legislated air quality standard for PM10 and also provide an overall statistical examination of the factors controlling the seasonal and spatial variation of concentrations, over the wider urban agglomeration. Daily concentrations, averaged over the whole study period, ranged between 32.3 and 60.9 μg m-3. The four-year average concentration of PM10 at five sites exceeded the annual limit value of 40 μg m-3, while most of the sites surpassed the allowed percentage of exceedances of the daily limit value (50 μg m-3), for each of the four years. The seasonal variation of PM10 levels was not found to be uniform across the eight sites, with average cold-period concentrations being higher at four of them and warm period concentrations being significantly higher at three sites, which also displayed recurring annual variation of monthly concentrations. Concentration levels displayed moderate spatial heterogeneity. Nevertheless significant inter-site correlations were observed (ranging between 0.55 and 085). The determination of the spatial correlation levels relied mainly on site types rather than on inter-site distances. Monitoring sites were classified accordingly using cluster analysis in two groups presenting distinct spatiotemporal variation and affected by different particle formation processes. The group including urban sites was mainly affected by primary, combustion-related processes and especially vehicular traffic, as it was also deduced through the examination of the diurnal distribution of particulate levels and through factor analysis. On the contrary, suburban background sites seemed more affected by particle transport from more polluted neighboring areas and secondary particle formation through gaseous precursors, both processes aided from favoring meteorological conditions. The association of the PM10 levels with backwards trajectories was also examined, in an attempt to account for the possible long range transport of particles in Athens. It was found that a notable part of area-wide episodic events could be attributed to trans-boundary transport of particles, with the origins of some severe dust outbreaks traced back to the Sahara desert and the Western Mediterranean. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	en
heal.journalName	Science of the Total Environment	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.048	en
dc.identifier.volume	389	en
dc.identifier.issue	1	en
dc.identifier.spage	165	en
dc.identifier.epage	177	en