Detoxification of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the marine microalga Tetraselmis marina

Petroutsos, D; Katapodis, P; Samiotaki, M; Panayotou, G; Kekos, D

dc.contributor.author	Petroutsos, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Katapodis, P	en
dc.contributor.author	Samiotaki, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Panayotou, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Kekos, D	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:28:08Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:28:08Z
dc.date.issued	2008	en
dc.identifier.issn	0031-9422	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/18725
dc.subject	Chlorophenols	en
dc.subject	Detoxification	en
dc.subject	Marine microalgae	en
dc.subject	Tetraselmis marina	en
dc.subject	Xenobiotic metabolism	en
dc.subject.classification	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology	en
dc.subject.classification	Plant Sciences	en
dc.subject.other	2,4 dichlorophenol	en
dc.subject.other	2,4-dichlorophenol	en
dc.subject.other	chlorophenol	en
dc.subject.other	unclassified drug	en
dc.subject.other	xenobiotic agent	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	bioreactor	en
dc.subject.other	chemical structure	en
dc.subject.other	chemistry	en
dc.subject.other	drug effect	en
dc.subject.other	green alga	en
dc.subject.other	growth, development and aging	en
dc.subject.other	high performance liquid chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	metabolism	en
dc.subject.other	methodology	en
dc.subject.other	stereoisomerism	en
dc.subject.other	time	en
dc.subject.other	toxicity testing	en
dc.subject.other	water pollutant	en
dc.subject.other	Algae, Green	en
dc.subject.other	Bioreactors	en
dc.subject.other	Chlorophenols	en
dc.subject.other	Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid	en
dc.subject.other	Molecular Structure	en
dc.subject.other	Stereoisomerism	en
dc.subject.other	Time Factors	en
dc.subject.other	Toxicity Tests	en
dc.subject.other	Water Pollutants, Chemical	en
dc.subject.other	Xenobiotics	en
dc.subject.other	Tetraselmis marina	en
dc.title	Detoxification of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the marine microalga Tetraselmis marina	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.002	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.002	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2008	en
heal.abstract	Xenobiotic chlorinated phenols have been found in fresh and marine waters and are toxic to many aquatic organisms. Metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in the marine microalga Tetraselmis marina was studied. The microalga, removed more than 1 mM of 2,4-DCP in a 21 photobioreactor over a 6 day period. Two metabolites, more polar than 2,4-DCP, were detected in the growth medium by reverse phase HPLC and their concentrations increased at the expense of 2,4-DCP. The metabolites were isolated by a C8 HPLC column and identified as 2,4-dichlorophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (DCPG) and 2,4-dichlorophenyl-beta-D-(6-O-malonyl)-glucopyranoside (DCPGM) by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric analysis in a negative ion mode. The molecular structures of 2,4-DCPG and 2,4-CPGM were further confirmed by enzymatic and alkaline hydrolyses. Thus, it was concluded that the major pathway of 2,4-DCP metabolism in T. marina involves an initial conjugation of 2,4-DCP to glucose to form 2,4-dichlorophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, followed by acylation of the glucoconjugate to form 2,4-dichlorophenyl-beta-D-(6-O-malonyl)-glucopyranoside. The microalga, ability to detoxify dichlorophenol congeners other than 2,4-DCP was also investigated. This work provides the first evidence that microalgae can use a combined glucosyl and malonyl transfer to detoxify xenobiotics such as dichlorophenols. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	en
heal.journalName	Phytochemistry	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.002	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000254310400013	en
dc.identifier.volume	69	en
dc.identifier.issue	3	en
dc.identifier.spage	707	en
dc.identifier.epage	714	en