Impact of enforcement on traffic accidents and fatalities: A multivariate multilevel analysis

Yannis, G; Papadimitriou, E; Antoniou, C

dc.contributor.author	Yannis, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Papadimitriou, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Antoniou, C	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:28:39Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:28:39Z
dc.date.issued	2008	en
dc.identifier.issn	0925-7535	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/18900
dc.subject	Enforcement	en
dc.subject	Fatalities	en
dc.subject	Multivariate multilevel modelling	en
dc.subject	Road accidents	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Industrial	en
dc.subject.classification	Operations Research & Management Science	en
dc.subject.other	Behavioral research	en
dc.subject.other	Data reduction	en
dc.subject.other	Highway accidents	en
dc.subject.other	Law enforcement	en
dc.subject.other	Mathematical models	en
dc.subject.other	Multivariable systems	en
dc.subject.other	Enforcement intensification	en
dc.subject.other	Fatalities	en
dc.subject.other	Intensification	en
dc.subject.other	Multivariate multilevel analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Accident prevention	en
dc.subject.other	alcohol	en
dc.subject.other	accident prevention	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	driving ability	en
dc.subject.other	drunken driving	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	human	en
dc.subject.other	law enforcement	en
dc.subject.other	multivariate analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Poisson distribution	en
dc.subject.other	priority journal	en
dc.subject.other	statistical analysis	en
dc.subject.other	statistical model	en
dc.subject.other	traffic accident	en
dc.title	Impact of enforcement on traffic accidents and fatalities: A multivariate multilevel analysis	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.ssci.2007.01.014	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2007.01.014	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2008	en
heal.abstract	In this research, the effect of the intensification of police enforcement on the number of road accidents and related fatalities at national and regional level is investigated, focusing on two most important infringements: speeding and drinking-and-driving. Distributional assumptions of the Poisson-family are considered for the counts of road accidents and fatalities of the various regions of Greece. A multilevel analysis technique is then applied to investigate the effect of the intensification of enforcement on the reduction of road accidents in different regions of Greece. Multivariate multilevel models are developed, in order to assess the combined effects of police enforcement in different regions and for different road safety outcomes (accidents with casualties, and fatalities), and to quantify these effects. Results show a significant overall effect of enforcement on both road accidents and fatalities. As regards the regional variation of the effect, which results from different levels of intensified police enforcement per region, a significant difference between accidents and fatalities is identified. In particular, the regional variation of the effect of enforcement on accidents is highly significant, whereas no significant regional variation of the effect on fatalities is identified. The combination of the model results with additional behavioural data led to the conclusion that enforcement intensification has a direct impact on the improvement of driver behaviour and attitude and subsequently on the reduction of road accident and fatalities in Greece. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV	en
heal.journalName	Safety Science	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.ssci.2007.01.014	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000257220700002	en
dc.identifier.volume	46	en
dc.identifier.issue	5	en
dc.identifier.spage	738	en
dc.identifier.epage	750	en