Occurrence and fate of endocrine disrupters in Greek sewage treatment plants

Stasinakis, AS; Gatidou, G; Mamais, D; Thomaidis, NS; Lekkas, TD

dc.contributor.author	Stasinakis, AS	en
dc.contributor.author	Gatidou, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Mamais, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Thomaidis, NS	en
dc.contributor.author	Lekkas, TD	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:28:54Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:28:54Z
dc.date.issued	2008	en
dc.identifier.issn	0043-1354	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/19025
dc.subject	EDCs	en
dc.subject	Presence	en
dc.subject	Removal	en
dc.subject	Risk assessment	en
dc.subject	Sewage sludge	en
dc.subject	Wastewater	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Environmental	en
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences	en
dc.subject.classification	Water Resources	en
dc.subject.other	Endocrine disrupters	en
dc.subject.other	Greek sewage treatment plants	en
dc.subject.other	Triclosan	en
dc.subject.other	Extraction	en
dc.subject.other	Gas chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	Mass spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	Phenols	en
dc.subject.other	Risk assessment	en
dc.subject.other	Sewage sludge	en
dc.subject.other	Wastewater treatment	en
dc.subject.other	Sewage treatment	en
dc.subject.other	4 nonylphenol	en
dc.subject.other	4,4' isopropylidenediphenol	en
dc.subject.other	endocrine disruptor	en
dc.subject.other	nonylphenol diethoxylate	en
dc.subject.other	nonylphenol monoethoxylate	en
dc.subject.other	phenol derivative	en
dc.subject.other	triclosan	en
dc.subject.other	unclassified drug	en
dc.subject.other	Extraction	en
dc.subject.other	Gas chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	Mass spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	Phenols	en
dc.subject.other	Risk assessment	en
dc.subject.other	Sewage sludge	en
dc.subject.other	Sewage treatment	en
dc.subject.other	Wastewater treatment	en
dc.subject.other	adsorption	en
dc.subject.other	endocrine disruptor	en
dc.subject.other	environmental fate	en
dc.subject.other	extraction method	en
dc.subject.other	gas chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	mass spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	phenolic compound	en
dc.subject.other	pollutant removal	en
dc.subject.other	qualitative analysis	en
dc.subject.other	quantitative analysis	en
dc.subject.other	risk assessment	en
dc.subject.other	sewage treatment	en
dc.subject.other	sludge	en
dc.subject.other	wastewater	en
dc.subject.other	adsorption	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	effluent	en
dc.subject.other	gas chromatography	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	mass spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	priority journal	en
dc.subject.other	risk assessment	en
dc.subject.other	sewage treatment plant	en
dc.subject.other	sludge	en
dc.subject.other	solid phase extraction	en
dc.subject.other	ultrasound	en
dc.subject.other	Endocrine Disruptors	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Reference Standards	en
dc.subject.other	Sewage	en
dc.subject.other	Water Pollutants, Chemical	en
dc.subject.other	Eurasia	en
dc.subject.other	Europe	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Southern Europe	en
dc.title	Occurrence and fate of endocrine disrupters in Greek sewage treatment plants	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.watres.2007.11.003	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.11.003	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2008	en
heal.abstract	The occurrence of five endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), namely 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO), triclosan (TCS) and bisphenol A (BPA), was assessed in the raw, treated wastewater and sewage sludge of eight sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Greece. The analytes were extracted by solid-phase extraction (dissolved phase) or sonication (solid phase). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The average concentrations in the raw and treated wastewater ranged from 0.23 (4-n-NP) to 5.76 mu g L-1 (NP1EO) and from 0.15 (BPA) to 1.84 mu g L-1 (NP2EO), respectively. A great part of the detected EDCs was sorbed on suspended solids. In sewage sludge, the average concentrations ranged between 0.17 (4-n-NP) and 12.3 mu g g(-1) dw (NP1EO). Analysis of daily mass flows in STP of Athens showed that, with the exception of 4-n-NP, all other EDCs were significantly removed (> 85%) during wastewater treatment. Regarding the fate of these compounds, a significant part ranging from 45% (for TCS) to more than 70% (for NP1EO, NP2EO and BPA) was transformed by abiotic or biotic mechanisms, while the rest was accumulated in sewage sludge or disposed to the environment via the effluents. Calculation of risk quotients showed the existence of possible threat due to the presence of certain EDCs in treated wastewater and sludge. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	en
heal.journalName	Water Research	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.watres.2007.11.003	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000255166600047	en
dc.identifier.volume	42	en
dc.identifier.issue	6-7	en
dc.identifier.spage	1796	en
dc.identifier.epage	1804	en