Effects of biodiesel on passenger car fuel consumption, regulated and non-regulated pollutant emissions over legislated and real-world driving cycles

Fontaras, G; Karavalakis, G; Kousoulidou, M; Tzamkiozis, T; Ntziachristos, L; Bakeas, E; Stournas, S; Samaras, Z

dc.contributor.author	Fontaras, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Karavalakis, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Kousoulidou, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Tzamkiozis, T	en
dc.contributor.author	Ntziachristos, L	en
dc.contributor.author	Bakeas, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Stournas, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Samaras, Z	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:30:17Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:30:17Z
dc.date.issued	2009	en
dc.identifier.issn	0016-2361	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/19534
dc.subject	Biodiesel	en
dc.subject	Carbonyl compounds	en
dc.subject	Emissions	en
dc.subject	Non-regulated pollutants	en
dc.subject.classification	Energy & Fuels	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Chemical	en
dc.subject.other	Acceleration tests	en
dc.subject.other	Beneficial effects	en
dc.subject.other	Blending ratio	en
dc.subject.other	Carbonyl compounds	en
dc.subject.other	Characterisation	en
dc.subject.other	Chassis dynamometers	en
dc.subject.other	Cold start	en
dc.subject.other	Diesel combustion	en
dc.subject.other	Driving conditions	en
dc.subject.other	Driving cycle	en
dc.subject.other	Emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Engine performance	en
dc.subject.other	Metals concentrations	en
dc.subject.other	Negative impacts	en
dc.subject.other	Non-regulated pollutants	en
dc.subject.other	Nonuniform	en
dc.subject.other	Particle numbers	en
dc.subject.other	Petroleum diesel	en
dc.subject.other	Real-world	en
dc.subject.other	Regulated emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Regulated pollutants	en
dc.subject.other	Solid particles	en
dc.subject.other	Warm start	en
dc.subject.other	Aldehydes	en
dc.subject.other	Automobiles	en
dc.subject.other	Automotive fuels	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiesel	en
dc.subject.other	Blending	en
dc.subject.other	Carbonylation	en
dc.subject.other	Dynamometers	en
dc.subject.other	Ketones	en
dc.subject.other	Machine design	en
dc.subject.other	Passenger cars	en
dc.subject.other	Steel metallurgy	en
dc.subject.other	Leakage (fluid)	en
dc.title	Effects of biodiesel on passenger car fuel consumption, regulated and non-regulated pollutant emissions over legislated and real-world driving cycles	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.fuel.2009.02.011	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.02.011	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2009	en
heal.abstract	Biodiesel use as an automotive fuel is expanding around the world and this calls for better characterisation of its impact on diesel combustion, and emissions. A neat soybean-oil derived biodiesel (B100) and its 50 vol.% blend with petroleum diesel (B50) were used on a Euro 2 diesel passenger car. Measurements of CO2,CO, HC, NOx, PM, particle number and size distribution and carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) were conducted on a chassis dynamometer. Acceleration tests were performed, fuel consumption was calculated and measured and metals concentration in the lubricant was determined, in order to assess the biodiesel impact on engine performance and wear. Tests were conducted over the certification cycle and real-world driving cycles. Results showed that biodiesel presence had a negative impact under cold start conditions on both regulated emissions and fuel consumption. However the picture was different in the case of warm start real-world cycles, where differentiations were limited and in several cases biodiesel had a beneficial effect on emissions and efficiency. Regarding particle number, solid particles decreased with biodiesel but total particles increased. Certain carbonyl compounds were also increased with B100. Overall, biodiesel at high blending ratios may strongly impact emissions, in a rather non-uniform manner, with the actual effect being dependant on driving conditions and blending ratio. Some of the differentiations observed were not expected when compared to similar results presented in the literature. However this study does not reach definitive conclusions but rather presents a case that may appear in the European passenger car fleet, which requires further attention and research. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCI LTD	en
heal.journalName	Fuel	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.fuel.2009.02.011	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000267531100011	en
dc.identifier.volume	88	en
dc.identifier.issue	9	en
dc.identifier.spage	1608	en
dc.identifier.epage	1617	en