Long term behavior of Portland limestone cement mortars exposed to magnesium sulfate attack

Skaropoulou, A; Tsivilis, S; Kakali, G; Sharp, JH; Swamy, RN

dc.contributor.author	Skaropoulou, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Tsivilis, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Kakali, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Sharp, JH	en
dc.contributor.author	Swamy, RN	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:31:00Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:31:00Z
dc.date.issued	2009	en
dc.identifier.issn	0958-9465	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/19714
dc.subject	Degradation	en
dc.subject	Long term performance	en
dc.subject	Portland limestone cement	en
dc.subject	Sulfate attack	en
dc.subject	Thaumasite	en
dc.subject.classification	Construction & Building Technology	en
dc.subject.classification	Materials Science, Composites	en
dc.subject.other	Analytical techniques	en
dc.subject.other	Cement mortars	en
dc.subject.other	Curing condition	en
dc.subject.other	Long term performance	en
dc.subject.other	Long-term behavior	en
dc.subject.other	Low temperatures	en
dc.subject.other	Magnesium sulfate	en
dc.subject.other	Mass measurements	en
dc.subject.other	Mortar specimens	en
dc.subject.other	Portland limestone cement	en
dc.subject.other	Siliceous sand	en
dc.subject.other	Storage periods	en
dc.subject.other	Sulfate attack	en
dc.subject.other	Sulfate solutions	en
dc.subject.other	Thaumasite	en
dc.subject.other	Thaumasite form of sulfate attack	en
dc.subject.other	Thermal analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Ultrasonic pulse velocity	en
dc.subject.other	Visual inspection	en
dc.subject.other	X- Ray diffraction	en
dc.subject.other	Cement manufacture	en
dc.subject.other	Compressive strength	en
dc.subject.other	Concretes	en
dc.subject.other	Curing	en
dc.subject.other	Degradation	en
dc.subject.other	Magnesium	en
dc.subject.other	Mortar	en
dc.subject.other	Photodegradation	en
dc.subject.other	Plaster	en
dc.subject.other	Portland cement	en
dc.subject.other	Scanning electron microscopy	en
dc.subject.other	Security systems	en
dc.subject.other	Silicate minerals	en
dc.subject.other	Sulfate minerals	en
dc.subject.other	Thermoanalysis	en
dc.subject.other	Ultrasonic testing	en
dc.subject.other	Velocity measurement	en
dc.subject.other	Visual communication	en
dc.subject.other	X ray diffraction analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Limestone	en
dc.title	Long term behavior of Portland limestone cement mortars exposed to magnesium sulfate attack	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.06.003	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.06.003	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2009	en
heal.abstract	Concrete and mortar made from limestone cement may exhibit a lack of durability due to the formation of thaumasite. This work deals with the long term behavior of limestone cement mortars in relation to the limestone content, the curing conditions and the type of the sand. Three types of cement were examined: (i) Portland cement (PC), (ii) Portland limestone cement containing 15% w/w limestone and (iii) Portland limestone cement containing 30% w/w limestone. Mortar specimens were prepared using calcareous and siliceous sand. The specimens were immersed in a 1.8% MgSO4 solution and cured at: (i) 5 degrees C and (ii) 25 degrees C. The status of the samples for a storage period of 5 years are reported, based on visual inspection, compressive strength, mass measurements, ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements and analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It is concluded that mortars containing limestone, either as sand or as a main constituent of the cement, suffer from the thaumasite form of sulfate attack (TSA) at low temperature. In some cases, the TSA leads to almost complete damage of the specimens after only 60 months of exposure. At 25 degrees C the specimens do not show any signs of conventional sulfate attack, even after 60 months of exposure to sulfate solution. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCI LTD	en
heal.journalName	Cement and Concrete Composites	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.06.003	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000270320200003	en
dc.identifier.volume	31	en
dc.identifier.issue	9	en
dc.identifier.spage	628	en
dc.identifier.epage	636	en