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A tool for determining urban emission characteristics to be used in exposure assessment

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dc.contributor.author Kassomenos, P en
dc.contributor.author Lykoudis, S en
dc.contributor.author Chaloulakou, A en
dc.date.accessioned 2014-03-01T01:32:34Z
dc.date.available 2014-03-01T01:32:34Z
dc.date.issued 2010 en
dc.identifier.issn 0160-4120 en
dc.identifier.uri https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/20180
dc.subject Air pollution en
dc.subject Emission reduction en
dc.subject Exceedances en
dc.subject Exposure assessment en
dc.subject Probability distribution function en
dc.subject.classification Environmental Sciences en
dc.subject.other Air pollutants en
dc.subject.other Air quality standard en
dc.subject.other Athens , Greece en
dc.subject.other Black smoke en
dc.subject.other Concentration of en
dc.subject.other Emission characteristics en
dc.subject.other Emission level en
dc.subject.other Emission reduction strategy en
dc.subject.other Emission strength en
dc.subject.other Exceedances en
dc.subject.other Exposure assessment en
dc.subject.other Extreme value distributions en
dc.subject.other Frequency distributions en
dc.subject.other Inverse gaussian en
dc.subject.other Long term exposure en
dc.subject.other Pollutant emission en
dc.subject.other Quality of life en
dc.subject.other Statistical probability en
dc.subject.other Temporal evolution en
dc.subject.other Urban areas en
dc.subject.other Air quality en
dc.subject.other Approximation theory en
dc.subject.other Automobiles en
dc.subject.other Concentration (process) en
dc.subject.other Emission control en
dc.subject.other Pollution en
dc.subject.other Probability en
dc.subject.other Probability density function en
dc.subject.other Distribution functions en
dc.subject.other carbon monoxide en
dc.subject.other nitrogen dioxide en
dc.subject.other ozone en
dc.subject.other sulfur dioxide en
dc.subject.other air quality en
dc.subject.other atmospheric pollution en
dc.subject.other concentration (composition) en
dc.subject.other emission control en
dc.subject.other inverse analysis en
dc.subject.other pollution exposure en
dc.subject.other probability en
dc.subject.other air pollutant en
dc.subject.other air quality control en
dc.subject.other air quality standard en
dc.subject.other analytical parameters en
dc.subject.other article en
dc.subject.other concentration (parameters) en
dc.subject.other environmental exposure en
dc.subject.other environmental monitoring en
dc.subject.other exhaust gas en
dc.subject.other Greece en
dc.subject.other priority journal en
dc.subject.other probability en
dc.subject.other quality of life en
dc.subject.other urban area en
dc.subject.other Air Pollutants en
dc.subject.other Air Pollution en
dc.subject.other Environmental Exposure en
dc.subject.other Environmental Health en
dc.subject.other Greece en
dc.subject.other Humans en
dc.subject.other Models, Statistical en
dc.subject.other Urban Health en
dc.subject.other Athens [Attica] en
dc.subject.other Attica en
dc.subject.other Greece en
dc.title A tool for determining urban emission characteristics to be used in exposure assessment en
heal.type journalArticle en
heal.identifier.primary 10.1016/j.envint.2009.12.009 en
heal.identifier.secondary http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2009.12.009 en
heal.language English en
heal.publicationDate 2010 en
heal.abstract The exposure of citizens to elevated air pollution concentrations is one of the major factors leading to the deterioration of the quality of life and possibly to health problems in urban areas. The concentration of air pollutants depends largely on pollutant emission levels. If the statistical probability distribution function of the concentration of an air pollutant is known, it is possible to estimate how many times this concentration exceeds the air quality standards, or estimate changes in the emission levels in an area. It can be also used to estimate the long term exposure of population to certain pollutants. In this paper fifteen theoretical probability distribution functions, were used to fit the actual concentration frequency distributions of CO, NO2, O-3. SO2, and Black Smoke (BS) in Athens, Greece for a 23-year period. The results showed that the theoretical distribution type best describing the distribution of the pollutants is Inverse Gaussian followed by the Extreme value distribution. The number of exceedances of air quality limits was used to validate the performance of the theoretical distributions that were best fitted to the observed ones. The temporal evolution of emission strength was estimated through the temporal evolution of the parameters of the probability distribution functions. Missing periods were accounted for by estimating the respective distribution functions through interpolation or extrapolation from the existing ones. The derived variation of emission levels consistently represents the emission reduction strategies enforced over the years, as well as the escalating growth of the passenger car fleet volume, and could be a useful tool for the design and assessment of emission control strategies. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. en
heal.publisher PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD en
heal.journalName Environment International en
dc.identifier.doi 10.1016/j.envint.2009.12.009 en
dc.identifier.isi ISI:000275539700007 en
dc.identifier.volume 36 en
dc.identifier.issue 3 en
dc.identifier.spage 281 en
dc.identifier.epage 289 en


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