Analysis of cut-and-cover tunnels against large tectonic deformation

Anastasopoulos, I; Gazetas, G

dc.contributor.author	Anastasopoulos, I	en
dc.contributor.author	Gazetas, G	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:32:44Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:32:44Z
dc.date.issued	2010	en
dc.identifier.issn	1570-761X	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/20214
dc.subject	Calibration through experimental data	en
dc.subject	Constitutive relations	en
dc.subject	Cut-and-cover tunnel	en
dc.subject	Fault rupture	en
dc.subject	Finite element	en
dc.subject	Seismic design	en
dc.subject	Soil-structure interaction	en
dc.subject.classification	Engineering, Geological	en
dc.subject.classification	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary	en
dc.subject.other	Constitutive relations	en
dc.subject.other	Cover tunnels	en
dc.subject.other	Experimental data	en
dc.subject.other	Fault ruptures	en
dc.subject.other	Finite Element	en
dc.subject.other	Calibration	en
dc.subject.other	Centrifugation	en
dc.subject.other	Deformation	en
dc.subject.other	Design	en
dc.subject.other	Earthquakes	en
dc.subject.other	Finite element method	en
dc.subject.other	Geologic models	en
dc.subject.other	Soils	en
dc.subject.other	Tectonics	en
dc.subject.other	Underground structures	en
dc.subject.other	Water supply tunnels	en
dc.subject.other	Seismic design	en
dc.subject.other	centrifugal model test	en
dc.subject.other	collapse	en
dc.subject.other	constitutive equation	en
dc.subject.other	cut and cover	en
dc.subject.other	deformation mechanism	en
dc.subject.other	dislocation	en
dc.subject.other	earthquake rupture	en
dc.subject.other	failure analysis	en
dc.subject.other	finite element method	en
dc.subject.other	footwall	en
dc.subject.other	hanging wall	en
dc.subject.other	Kobe earthquake 1995	en
dc.subject.other	normal fault	en
dc.subject.other	seismic design	en
dc.subject.other	soil-structure interaction	en
dc.subject.other	strain rate	en
dc.subject.other	tectonic reconstruction	en
dc.subject.other	tunnel	en
dc.subject.other	underground construction	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.title	Analysis of cut-and-cover tunnels against large tectonic deformation	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1007/s10518-009-9135-4	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-009-9135-4	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2010	en
heal.abstract	Tunnels are believed to be rather ""insensitive"" to earthquakes. Although a number of case histories seem to favor such an argument, failures and collapses of underground structures in the earthquakes of Kobe (1995), Düzce-Bolu (1999), and Taiwan (1999) have shown that there are exceptions to this ""rule"". Among them: the case of tunnels crossed by fault rupture. This paper presents the analysis and design of two highway cut-and-cover tunnels in Greece against large tectonic dislocation from a normal fault. The analysis, conducted with finite elements, places particular emphasis on realistically modeling the tunnel-soil interface. Soil behavior is modeled thorough an elastoplastic constitutive model with isotropic strain softening, which has been extensively validated through successful predictions of centrifuge model tests. A primary conclusion emerging from the paper is that the design of cut-and-cover structures against large tectonic deformation is quite feasible. It is shown that the rupture path is strongly affected by the presence of the tunnel, leading to development of beneficial stress-relieving phenomena such as diversion, bifurcation, and diffusion. The tunnel may be subjected either to hogging deformation when the rupture emerges close to its hanging-wall edge, or to sagging deformation when the rupture is near its footwall edge. Paradoxically, the maximum stressing is not always attained with the maximum imposed dislocation. Therefore, the design should be performed on the basis of design envelopes of the internal forces, with respect to the location of the fault rupture and the magnitude of dislocation. Although this study was prompted by the needs of a specific project, the method of analysis, the design concepts, and many of the conclusions are sufficiently general to merit wider application. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.	en
heal.publisher	SPRINGER	en
heal.journalName	Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1007/s10518-009-9135-4	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000274707000004	en
dc.identifier.volume	8	en
dc.identifier.issue	2	en
dc.identifier.spage	283	en
dc.identifier.epage	307	en