Risk and protection factors in fatal accidents

Dupont, E; Martensen, H; Papadimitriou, E; Yannis, G

dc.contributor.author	Dupont, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Martensen, H	en
dc.contributor.author	Papadimitriou, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Yannis, G	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:34:27Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:34:27Z
dc.date.issued	2010	en
dc.identifier.issn	0001-4575	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/20739
dc.subject	Accident severity	en
dc.subject	Accident size	en
dc.subject	Fatal accidents	en
dc.subject	Logistic regression	en
dc.subject	Opponent type	en
dc.subject.classification	Ergonomics	en
dc.subject.classification	Public, Environmental & Occupational Health	en
dc.subject.classification	Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary	en
dc.subject.classification	Transportation	en
dc.subject.other	Accident severity	en
dc.subject.other	Fatal accidents	en
dc.subject.other	Logistic regressions	en
dc.subject.other	Number of vehicles	en
dc.subject.other	Seat belt	en
dc.subject.other	Sub-groups	en
dc.subject.other	Survival probabilities	en
dc.subject.other	Probability	en
dc.subject.other	Accidents	en
dc.subject.other	adolescent	en
dc.subject.other	adult	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	classification	en
dc.subject.other	female	en
dc.subject.other	human	en
dc.subject.other	male	en
dc.subject.other	middle aged	en
dc.subject.other	mortality	en
dc.subject.other	motor vehicle	en
dc.subject.other	protective equipment	en
dc.subject.other	risk	en
dc.subject.other	risk factor	en
dc.subject.other	safety	en
dc.subject.other	statistical model	en
dc.subject.other	statistics	en
dc.subject.other	traffic accident	en
dc.subject.other	Accidents, Traffic	en
dc.subject.other	Adolescent	en
dc.subject.other	Adult	en
dc.subject.other	Female	en
dc.subject.other	Humans	en
dc.subject.other	Logistic Models	en
dc.subject.other	Male	en
dc.subject.other	Middle Aged	en
dc.subject.other	Motor Vehicles	en
dc.subject.other	Odds Ratio	en
dc.subject.other	Protective Devices	en
dc.subject.other	Risk Factors	en
dc.subject.other	Safety Management	en
dc.subject.other	Young Adult	en
dc.title	Risk and protection factors in fatal accidents	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.011	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.011	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2010	en
heal.abstract	This paper aims at addressing the interest and appropriateness of performing accident severity analyses that are limited to fatal accident data. Two methodological issues are specifically discussed, namely the accident-size factors (the number of vehicles in the accident and their level of occupancy) and the comparability of the baseline risk. It is argued that - although these two issues are generally at play in accident severity analyses - their effects on, e.g., the estimation of survival probability, are exacerbated if the analysis is limited to fatal accident data. As a solution, it is recommended to control for these effects by (1) including accident-size indicators in the model, (2) focusing on different sub-groups of road-users while specifying the type of opponent in the model, so as to ensure that comparable baseline risks are worked with. These recommendations are applied in order to investigate risk and protection factors of car occupants involved in fatal accidents using data from a recently set up European Fatal Accident Investigation database (Reed and Morris, 2009). The results confirm that the estimated survival probability is affected by accident-size factors and by type of opponent. The car occupants' survival chances are negatively associated with their own age and that of their vehicle. The survival chances are also lower when seatbelt is not used. Front damage, as compared to other damaged car areas, appears to be associated with increased survival probability, but mostly in the case in which the accident opponent was another car. The interest of further investigating accident-size factors and opponent effects in fatal accidents is discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	en
heal.journalName	Accident Analysis and Prevention	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.aap.2009.10.011	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000275510600038	en
dc.identifier.volume	42	en
dc.identifier.issue	2	en
dc.identifier.spage	645	en
dc.identifier.epage	653	en