A combined experimental and numerical study of thermal processes, performance and nitric oxide emissions in a hydrogen-fueled spark-ignition engine

Rakopoulos, CD; Kosmadakis, GM; Demuynck, J; De Paepe, M; Verhelst, S

dc.contributor.author	Rakopoulos, CD	en
dc.contributor.author	Kosmadakis, GM	en
dc.contributor.author	Demuynck, J	en
dc.contributor.author	De Paepe, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Verhelst, S	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:34:51Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:34:51Z
dc.date.issued	2011	en
dc.identifier.issn	0360-3199	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/20905
dc.subject	Combustion efficiency	en
dc.subject	Heat transfer	en
dc.subject	Hydrogen	en
dc.subject	NO emissions	en
dc.subject	Spark-ignition engine	en
dc.subject.classification	Chemistry, Physical	en
dc.subject.classification	Energy & Fuels	en
dc.subject.classification	Environmental Sciences	en
dc.subject.classification	Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical	en
dc.subject.other	Burned gas temperature	en
dc.subject.other	CFD codes	en
dc.subject.other	Combustion efficiencies	en
dc.subject.other	Compression ratios	en
dc.subject.other	Cylinder liners	en
dc.subject.other	Cylinder pressures	en
dc.subject.other	Cylinder walls	en
dc.subject.other	Experimental analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Fuel/air ratio	en
dc.subject.other	Gas temperature	en
dc.subject.other	Heat flux rate	en
dc.subject.other	Heat release rates	en
dc.subject.other	Heat transfer mechanism	en
dc.subject.other	High rate	en
dc.subject.other	Hydrogen combustion	en
dc.subject.other	In-depth investigation	en
dc.subject.other	Indicated efficiency	en
dc.subject.other	Loss ratio	en
dc.subject.other	Low level	en
dc.subject.other	Nitric oxide emissions	en
dc.subject.other	NO emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Numerical data	en
dc.subject.other	Numerical results	en
dc.subject.other	Numerical studies	en
dc.subject.other	Spark ignition engines	en
dc.subject.other	Spark-ignition engine	en
dc.subject.other	Specific location	en
dc.subject.other	Stoichiometric mixtures	en
dc.subject.other	Temperature rise	en
dc.subject.other	Thermal process	en
dc.subject.other	Total heat loss	en
dc.subject.other	Transfer phenomenon	en
dc.subject.other	Wall temperatures	en
dc.subject.other	Compression ratio (machinery)	en
dc.subject.other	Cylinders (shapes)	en
dc.subject.other	Data compression	en
dc.subject.other	Data compression ratio	en
dc.subject.other	Electric sparks	en
dc.subject.other	Engine cylinders	en
dc.subject.other	Engines	en
dc.subject.other	Gas emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Heat flux	en
dc.subject.other	Heat losses	en
dc.subject.other	Hydrogen	en
dc.subject.other	Ignition	en
dc.subject.other	Nitric oxide	en
dc.subject.other	Heating	en
dc.title	A combined experimental and numerical study of thermal processes, performance and nitric oxide emissions in a hydrogen-fueled spark-ignition engine	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.103	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.103	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2011	en
heal.abstract	This work concerns the study of a spark-ignition engine fueled with hydrogen, using both measured and numerical data at various conditions, focusing on the combustion efficiency, the heat transfer phenomena and heat loss to the cylinder walls, the performance, as well as the nitric oxide (NO) emissions formed, when the fuel/air and compression ratio are varied. For the investigation of the heat transfer mechanism, the local wall temperatures and heat flux rates were measured at three locations of the cylinder liner in a CFR engine. These fluxes can provide a reliable estimation of the total heat loss through the cylinder walls and of the hydrogen flame arrival at specific locations. Together with the experimental analysis, the numerical results obtained from a validated in-house CFD code were utilized for gaining a more complete view of the heat transfer mechanism and the hydrogen combustion efficiency for the various cases examined. The performance of the CFR engine is then identified, since the calculated cylinder pressures are compared with the measured ones, from which performance and heat release rates are calculated and discussed. Further, NO emission studies have been accomplished, with the calculated results not only being compared with the measured exhaust NO ones, but also further processed for conducting an in-depth investigation of the dependence of NO production on the spatial distribution of in-cylinder gas temperature. It is revealed that for lower fuel/air ratio the burned gas temperature is held at low level and the heat loss ratio is quite low. As the load increases and stoichiometric mixtures are used, the wall and in-cylinder gas temperatures increase substantially, together with the heat loss and the NO emissions, owing to the high hydrogen combustion velocity and the consequent high rate of temperature rise. The combustion efficiency is slightly increased, but the indicated efficiency is decreased due to higher heat loss. Copyright (C) 2011, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	en
heal.journalName	International Journal of Hydrogen Energy	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.103	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000290072300057	en
dc.identifier.volume	36	en
dc.identifier.issue	8	en
dc.identifier.spage	5163	en
dc.identifier.epage	5180	en