A preliminary study of combining mass spectrometric data with audio and video signals for real-time monitoring of controlled lab-scale fires

Statheropoulos, M; Mikedi, K; Stavrakakis, P; Agapiou, A; Karma, S; Pallis, GC; Pappa, A

dc.contributor.author	Statheropoulos, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Mikedi, K	en
dc.contributor.author	Stavrakakis, P	en
dc.contributor.author	Agapiou, A	en
dc.contributor.author	Karma, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Pallis, GC	en
dc.contributor.author	Pappa, A	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:34:58Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:34:58Z
dc.date.issued	2011	en
dc.identifier.issn	0925-4005	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/20942
dc.subject	Audio signals	en
dc.subject	Field chemical analysis	en
dc.subject	Mass spectrometry	en
dc.subject	Multidisciplinary approach	en
dc.subject	Sensors integration	en
dc.subject	Video signals	en
dc.subject.classification	Chemistry, Analytical	en
dc.subject.classification	Electrochemistry	en
dc.subject.classification	Instruments & Instrumentation	en
dc.subject.other	Audio signal	en
dc.subject.other	Field chemical analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Multi-disciplinary approach	en
dc.subject.other	Sensors integration	en
dc.subject.other	Video signal	en
dc.subject.other	Atmospheric composition	en
dc.subject.other	Benzene	en
dc.subject.other	Carbon dioxide	en
dc.subject.other	Chemical detection	en
dc.subject.other	Experiments	en
dc.subject.other	Fire hazards	en
dc.subject.other	Fires	en
dc.subject.other	Integration	en
dc.subject.other	Mass spectrometers	en
dc.subject.other	Mass spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	Metallic compounds	en
dc.subject.other	Monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	Sensors	en
dc.subject.other	Volatile organic compounds	en
dc.subject.other	Signal detection	en
dc.title	A preliminary study of combining mass spectrometric data with audio and video signals for real-time monitoring of controlled lab-scale fires	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.snb.2011.06.071	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2011.06.071	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2011	en
heal.abstract	The different aspects of sensors integration, and specifically that of a Mass Spectrometer (MS) with audio and video signals, are investigated for detecting and monitoring indoor fire events. The present study focuses on comparing the capabilities of a variety of chemical sensors, on answering technical challenges in regard to the integration of chemical, audio and video signals and on discussing integration issues for potential field applications. Controlled, small scale fire experiments were carried out in the laboratory. A commercial MS coupled with an in-house developed Pulsed Sampling System (PSS), was used for on-line sampling and near real-time monitoring of the evolved volatiles. The detection limit of PSS-MS was found to be 150 ppbv and its linearity was confirmed up to 10 ppmv using benzene gas standards. The profiles of ions with m/z 57, 78, 91 and 106, corresponding to indicative Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of the fire event, were recorded and compared with the concentration profiles of CO2, CO, O-2, NO and H/C (C3H8), acquired by the gas sensors of a commercial exhaust gas analyzer. Audio and video signals were recorded by a microphone and a visual camera, simultaneously, with PSS-MS data. Two types of fire experiments were performed in order to simulate field conditions: (a) direct fire monitoring, in case of unobstructed direct fire view and (b) indirect fire monitoring through reflection of audio and video signals on metallic surfaces, for simulating obstacles preventing direct fire view. The information derived by audio and video signals reaffirmed the chemical detection inferences for both types of fire experiments, thus increasing the credibility of each individual method. Occasionally, video, audio and chemical information were complementary, thus counterbalancing the detection limitations of the individual methods. The integrated approach of combining MS data with audio and video signals appears to be a promising method in safety and security applications, where reliable, early detection and real-time monitoring is necessary. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA	en
heal.journalName	Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.snb.2011.06.071	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000295745900028	en
dc.identifier.volume	159	en
dc.identifier.issue	1	en
dc.identifier.spage	193	en
dc.identifier.epage	200	en