Effect of biodiesel origin on regulated and particle-bound PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) emissions from a Euro 4 passenger car

Karavalakis, G; Bakeas, E; Fontaras, G; Stournas, S

dc.contributor.author	Karavalakis, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Bakeas, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Fontaras, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Stournas, S	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T01:35:32Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T01:35:32Z
dc.date.issued	2011	en
dc.identifier.issn	0360-5442	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/21109
dc.subject	Biodiesel	en
dc.subject	Driving cycles	en
dc.subject	Exhaust emissions	en
dc.subject	NOx	en
dc.subject	PAHs	en
dc.subject	Vehicles	en
dc.subject.classification	Thermodynamics	en
dc.subject.classification	Energy & Fuels	en
dc.subject.other	ARTEMIS	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiesel blends	en
dc.subject.other	Chassis dynamometers	en
dc.subject.other	Cold-start	en
dc.subject.other	Constant volume sampling	en
dc.subject.other	Driving conditions	en
dc.subject.other	Driving cycle	en
dc.subject.other	Emissions measurements	en
dc.subject.other	European regulation	en
dc.subject.other	Exhaust emission	en
dc.subject.other	Fuel characteristics	en
dc.subject.other	Fuel impact	en
dc.subject.other	Low concentrations	en
dc.subject.other	New european driving cycles	en
dc.subject.other	NOx	en
dc.subject.other	PAH compounds	en
dc.subject.other	PAH emissions	en
dc.subject.other	PAHs	en
dc.subject.other	Rapeseed oil	en
dc.subject.other	Similar pattern	en
dc.subject.other	Source material	en
dc.subject.other	Aromatic compounds	en
dc.subject.other	Automobiles	en
dc.subject.other	Carbon dioxide	en
dc.subject.other	Diesel fuels	en
dc.subject.other	Dynamometers	en
dc.subject.other	Fuels	en
dc.subject.other	Hydrocarbons	en
dc.subject.other	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	en
dc.subject.other	Ternary systems	en
dc.subject.other	Vegetable oils	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiesel	en
dc.subject.other	atmospheric pollution	en
dc.subject.other	biofuel	en
dc.subject.other	carbon dioxide	en
dc.subject.other	exhaust emission	en
dc.subject.other	fuel consumption	en
dc.subject.other	PAH	en
dc.subject.other	standard (regulation)	en
dc.subject.other	vegetable oil	en
dc.subject.other	volume	en
dc.subject.other	Brassica napus	en
dc.title	Effect of biodiesel origin on regulated and particle-bound PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) emissions from a Euro 4 passenger car	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.energy.2011.06.041	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.06.041	en
heal.language	English	en
heal.publicationDate	2011	en
heal.abstract	This study investigates the impact of low concentration biodiesel blends on the regulated and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from a modern passenger car. Emissions measurements were performed on a chassis dynamometer using constant volume sampling technique, following the European regulations. All measurements were conducted over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and the Artemis driving cycles. Aiming to evaluate the fuel impact on emissions, a soy-based, a palm-based, and a rapeseed oil based biodiesel were blended with diesel fuel at proportions of 10, 20, and 30% by volume. The emissions of PM, HC, and CO decreased with biodiesel over most driving conditions. Some increases were observed over the NEDC, which may be attributed to the cold-start effect and to certain fuel characteristics. NOx emissions increased with biodiesel and strongly were dependent to the degree of unsaturation of the fuel. CO2 emissions and fuel consumption followed similar patterns and increased with biodiesel. PAH emissions presented discordant results, leading to the hypothesis that the influence of biodiesel source material was particularly strong on the formation of these pollutants. Both increases and decreases were observed in PAH, nitrated PAH and oxygenated PAH compounds with the use of biodiesel blends. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	en
heal.publisher	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	en
heal.journalName	Energy	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.energy.2011.06.041	en
dc.identifier.isi	ISI:000295237300073	en
dc.identifier.volume	36	en
dc.identifier.issue	8	en
dc.identifier.spage	5328	en
dc.identifier.epage	5337	en