The reducibility of the Greek nickeliferous laterites: A review

Zevgolis, E; Zografidis, C; Halikia, I

dc.contributor.author	Zevgolis, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Zografidis, C	en
dc.contributor.author	Halikia, I	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T02:00:00Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T02:00:00Z
dc.date.issued	2010	en
dc.identifier.issn	03719553	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/29065
dc.subject	Ferronickel	en
dc.subject	Laterites	en
dc.subject	Pyrometallurgy	en
dc.subject	Reducibility	en
dc.subject	Review	en
dc.subject.other	Critical review	en
dc.subject.other	Fayalite	en
dc.subject.other	Ferric iron	en
dc.subject.other	Ferronickel	en
dc.subject.other	Ferrous iron	en
dc.subject.other	Grain size	en
dc.subject.other	Kinetic mechanism	en
dc.subject.other	Kinetic phenomena	en
dc.subject.other	Laterites	en
dc.subject.other	Metallic iron	en
dc.subject.other	Metallic nickel	en
dc.subject.other	Mixed controls	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel oxide reduction	en
dc.subject.other	Nickeliferous laterite	en
dc.subject.other	Oxide grains	en
dc.subject.other	Reductants	en
dc.subject.other	Reduction degree	en
dc.subject.other	Reduction rate	en
dc.subject.other	Reduction studies	en
dc.subject.other	Roasting temperature	en
dc.subject.other	Wustite	en
dc.subject.other	Calcination	en
dc.subject.other	Iron ores	en
dc.subject.other	Metal recovery	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel alloys	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel oxide	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel smelting	en
dc.subject.other	Ore treatment	en
dc.subject.other	Oxide minerals	en
dc.subject.other	Pyrometallurgy	en
dc.subject.other	Soils	en
dc.subject.other	Iron	en
dc.title	The reducibility of the Greek nickeliferous laterites: A review	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1179/174328509X431472	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174328509X431472	en
heal.publicationDate	2010	en
heal.abstract	This paper refers to a critical review of the Greek nickeliferous laterites roasting reduction studies for better understanding of the process thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms, affecting decisively the smelting step in pyrometallurgical extraction of nickel from these ores. From this work, it is deduced that iron and nickel oxide reduction degree does not exceed 33 and 76% respectively, the reductive reactions being stopped within the first 20-30 min. Thus, part of ferric iron is transformed into ferrous iron (in the form of magnetite, wustite or fayalite) instead of metallic iron production. Also, no total conversion to metallic nickel takes place. Variation of roasting temperature (700-850°C), grain size of the ores and type of solid reductants, affect the reduction rates and the final reduction degrees obtained. Diffusion or mixed control mechanisms have been found to prevail during reduction. Low reduction degrees obtained are attributed to kinetic phenomena, such as the formation of fayalite (2FeO.SiO2), which probably covers oxide grains and impedes reduction. © 2010 Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and The AusIMM.	en
heal.journalName	Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy, Section C: Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1179/174328509X431472	en
dc.identifier.volume	119	en
dc.identifier.issue	1	en
dc.identifier.spage	9	en
dc.identifier.epage	17	en