Energy requirements in nickeliferous laterite treatment

Zevgolis, EN; Zografidis, C; Gaitanos, J; Kostika, IP; Halikia, I

dc.contributor.author	Zevgolis, EN	en
dc.contributor.author	Zografidis, C	en
dc.contributor.author	Gaitanos, J	en
dc.contributor.author	Kostika, IP	en
dc.contributor.author	Halikia, I	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T02:50:21Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T02:50:21Z
dc.date.issued	2006	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/35085
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33749245458&partnerID=40&md5=dcc966deecd0e348cae4cbb54ab7d101	en
dc.subject	Energy	en
dc.subject	Ferronickel	en
dc.subject	Laterite	en
dc.subject	Pyrometallurgy	en
dc.subject.other	Combustion	en
dc.subject.other	Electric furnace process	en
dc.subject.other	Energy utilization	en
dc.subject.other	Pyrometallurgy	en
dc.subject.other	Rotary kilns	en
dc.subject.other	Smelting	en
dc.subject.other	Thermal effects	en
dc.subject.other	Energy exploitation	en
dc.subject.other	Ferronickels	en
dc.subject.other	Nickeliferous laterites	en
dc.subject.other	Thermal energy	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel compounds	en
dc.title	Energy requirements in nickeliferous laterite treatment	en
heal.type	conferenceItem	en
heal.publicationDate	2006	en
heal.abstract	Energy required for roasting and smelting of a nickeliferous laterite ore by the rotary kiln -electric furnace process is investigated. From this work it comes that thermal energy is about 65% of the total energy needed and the rest is electrical. Also, 61.3% of thermal energy input in the roasting step (of all combustibles fed into the rotary kilns) is used for pre - heating, 11.6% for pre - reduction and the rest (27.1%) corresponds to the energy of the remaining carbon in the rotary kiln products (i.e., calcine, dust and coatings). Carbon entering the system is used as follows: 57.9% for combustion, 37.1% for reduction and the rest (5.0%) remains unburnt. Exploitation of energy from gases of both furnaces, as well as the higher possible reduction degree, the optimum temperature of the calcine and also elimination of the excess air in the rotary kilns, improve significantly energy balance and economics of the process.	en
heal.journalName	TMS Annual Meeting	en
dc.identifier.volume	2006	en
dc.identifier.spage	487	en
dc.identifier.epage	496	en