Effect of biodiesel origin on the regulated and PAH emissions from a modern passenger car

Karavalakis, G; Fontaras, G; Bakeas, E; Stournas, S

dc.contributor.author	Karavalakis, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Fontaras, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Bakeas, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Stournas, S	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T02:53:14Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T02:53:14Z
dc.date.issued	2011	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/36188
dc.subject.other	ARTEMIS	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiesel blends	en
dc.subject.other	Blending ratio	en
dc.subject.other	Chassis dynamometers	en
dc.subject.other	Cold-start	en
dc.subject.other	Common rail	en
dc.subject.other	Constant volume sampling	en
dc.subject.other	Consumption measurement	en
dc.subject.other	Diesel oxidation catalyst	en
dc.subject.other	Driving conditions	en
dc.subject.other	Driving cycle	en
dc.subject.other	European regulation	en
dc.subject.other	Fuel characteristics	en
dc.subject.other	Fuel impact	en
dc.subject.other	Low concentrations	en
dc.subject.other	New european driving cycles	en
dc.subject.other	PAH compounds	en
dc.subject.other	PAH emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Passenger vehicles	en
dc.subject.other	Rapeseed oil	en
dc.subject.other	Similar pattern	en
dc.subject.other	Source material	en
dc.subject.other	Toxic emissions	en
dc.subject.other	Urban air quality	en
dc.subject.other	Air quality	en
dc.subject.other	Automobiles	en
dc.subject.other	Blending	en
dc.subject.other	Carbon dioxide	en
dc.subject.other	Diesel engines	en
dc.subject.other	Direct injection	en
dc.subject.other	Dynamometers	en
dc.subject.other	Fuels	en
dc.subject.other	Hydrocarbons	en
dc.subject.other	Passenger cars	en
dc.subject.other	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	en
dc.subject.other	Steel metallurgy	en
dc.subject.other	Sulfur	en
dc.subject.other	Vegetable oils	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiesel	en
dc.title	Effect of biodiesel origin on the regulated and PAH emissions from a modern passenger car	en
heal.type	conferenceItem	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.4271/2011-01-0615	en
heal.identifier.secondary	http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-0615	en
heal.publicationDate	2011	en
heal.abstract	This study investigates the impact of low concentration biodiesel blends on the regulated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from a modern passenger vehicle. The vehicle was Euro 4 compliant fitted with a direct injection common-rail diesel engine and a diesel oxidation catalyst. Emission and fuel consumption measurements were performed on a chassis dynamometer using constant volume sampling (CVS) technique, following the European regulations. All measurements were conducted over the type approval New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and the real-traffic based Artemis driving cycles. Aiming to evaluate the fuel impact on emissions, a soy-based, a palm-based, and a rapeseed oil based biodiesel were blended with an ultra low sulphur diesel at proportions of 10, 20, and 30 % by volume. The experimental results revealed that emissions of PM, HC and CO decreased with biodiesel over most driving conditions. Some increases were observed over the NEDC which may be attributed to the cold-start effect and to certain fuel characteristics. NOx emissions were found higher with biodiesel especially during Artemis operation. CO2 emissions and fuel consumption followed similar patterns and increased with biodiesel. PAH emissions presented discordant results, leading to the hypothesis that the influence of biodiesel source material was particularly strong on the formation of these pollutants. Both increases and decreases were observed in PAH, nitrated PAH and oxygenated PAH compounds with the use of biodiesel blends. Overall, biodiesel at low blending ratios may adversely impact toxic emissions and ultimately alter urban air quality. © 2011 SAE International.	en
heal.journalName	SAE 2011 World Congress and Exhibition	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.4271/2011-01-0615	en