Ethanolysis of sunflower oil and waste frying oil using calcium di-glyceroxide as heterogeneous catalyst

Karonis, D; Anastopoulos, G; Zannikos, F; Lois, E

dc.contributor.author	Karonis, D	en
dc.contributor.author	Anastopoulos, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Zannikos, F	en
dc.contributor.author	Lois, E	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-03-01T02:53:16Z
dc.date.available	2014-03-01T02:53:16Z
dc.date.issued	2011	en
dc.identifier.issn	00657727	en
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/36202
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861029021&partnerID=40&md5=8d69366d13f5c55f794024b55d07f249	en
dc.title	Ethanolysis of sunflower oil and waste frying oil using calcium di-glyceroxide as heterogeneous catalyst	en
heal.type	conferenceItem	en
heal.publicationDate	2011	en
heal.abstract	New catalysts and environmentally benign processes may lead to ethyl ester production with improved properties at competitive costs. In this study, ethanolysis of sunflower oil using calcium di-glyceroxide as heterogeneous catalyst was conducted. The ester preparation involved a two-step transesterification reaction followed by purification. The effects of the mass ratio of catalyst to oil (0.5-4 %), the molar ratio of ethanol to oil (6:1-18:1), and the reaction temperature (50-100 °C) were studied on conversion of sunflower oil to optimize the reaction conditions in both stages. The waste frying oil was converted to ethyl esters under optimum reaction parameters. The optimal conditions for first stage transesterification were an ethanol/oil molar ratio of 15:1, calcium di-glyceroxide amount (3% m/m), and 100 °C temperature, whereas the maximum yield of ethyl esters reached 83.7 % m/m. In the second stage, the yield of ethyl esters showed signs of improvement of 14% in relation with the one-stage transesterification, which was obtained under the following optimal conditions: Catalyst concentration 1.5% and ethanol/oil molar ratio 9:1. The fuel properties of the esters were measured according to EN test methods. The experimental results showed that the values of density, viscosity, and higher heating value of ethyl esters were similar to those of automotive and heavy duty engine diesel fuel. However, the CFPP values were higher, which may contribute to potential difficulties in cold starts. On the other hand, the flash points, which were higher than those of diesel fuel constituted a safety guarantee from the point of view of handling and storage.	en
heal.journalName	ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts	en