Μελέτη υπόγειων νερών και εδαφών περιοχής Σκάλας Λακωνίας

Καραπλή, Φωτεινή

dc.contributor.author	Καραπλή, Φωτεινή	el
dc.date.accessioned	2020-10-09T08:50:35Z
dc.date.available	2020-10-09T08:50:35Z
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/51347
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.26240/heal.ntua.19045
dc.rights	Default License
dc.subject	Ποιότητα, Γεωχημεία, Υδροχημεία,Υδρογεωλογία, Εδαφολογία	el
dc.subject	Quality, Geochemistry,Hydrochemistry, Hydrogeology, Soils	en
dc.title	Μελέτη υπόγειων νερών και εδαφών περιοχής Σκάλας Λακωνίας	el
dc.contributor.department	Επιστήμη και Τεχνολογία Υδατικών πόρων	el
heal.type	masterThesis
heal.classification	ΥΔΡΟΓΕΩΛΟΓΙΑ	el
heal.classification	ΕΔΑΦΟΛΟΓΙΑ	el
heal.classificationURI	http://data.seab.gr/concepts/8b64cfb1c72d3dd0457d24f67c387c8f4807d0df
heal.language	el
heal.access	campus
heal.recordProvider	ntua	el
heal.publicationDate	2016-10-27
heal.abstract	Περίληψη Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας, είναι η διερεύνηση της ποιοτικής κατάστασης των υπόγειων νερών και των εδαφών στην περιοχή Σκάλας, Λακωνίας. Η περιοχή αυτή βρίσκεται στην ευρύτερη περιοχή του κάτω ρου του ποταμού Ευρώτα. Μέσω της βιβλιογραφικής επισκόπησης αλλά και των δειγματοληψιών, των χημικών αναλύσεων και την επεξεργασία των υδατικών και εδαφικών δειγμάτων, δόθηκαν τα ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά της περιοχής. Αρχικά, στα δύο πρώτα κεφάλαια της εργασίας δίνονται βιβλιογραφικά στοιχεία περί της ποιότητας υδατικών και εδαφικών πόρων. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο δίνεται μια πλήρη περιγραφή καταρχάς της ευρύτερης λεκάνης του ποταμού Ευρώτα και έπειτα του πεδίου της Σκάλας. Συγκεκριμένα, δίνονται τα γενικά χαρακτηριστικά της περιοχής μελέτης, που αποτελεί την δελταϊκή περιοχή του ποταμού Ευρώτα, όπως, η γεωλογία, η γεωμορφολογία και η υδρογεωλογία. Στο κεφάλαιο 4 παραθέτονται στοιχεία ποιότητας των υδατικών συστημάτων και των εδαφών της περιοχής μελέτης, από παλαιότερες μελέτες. Συγκεκριμένα, οι μελέτες είναι της γερμανικής εταιρείας υδάτων GWE (1972), δύο εδαφολογικές μελέτες του 1967 και του 1981 και αρχεία μετρήσεων από το 1986 έως και το 2012 από την Περιφέρεια Πελοποννήσου. Τέλος, στο κεφάλαιο 5 περιλαμβάνεται το ερευνητικό κομμάτι της παρούσας εργασίας, καθώς παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα των χημικών αναλύσεων, τα στοιχεία επεξεργασίας τους και η αξιολόγηση τους.	el
heal.abstract	EXTENDED ABSTRACT Τwo of the main natural resources, which play an important role in plant growth is water and soil. Water, although it covers the 2/3 of the planet, the quantity of its good quality is limited. The limited amount of good quality water occurred due to non-rational use of the resource, by humans. Soils resources, also, appear degradation of quality, as the two resources qualitatively affect each other. To maintain the sustainability of water and soils resources, all relevant users must follow the rational management rules. Subject of study The present post-graduate project will attempt to explore the quality of groundwater and soil resources, within the Skala plain. It is an area located in the delta of Evrotas River, in Laconia. Due to this area intense agriculture character, emphasis is given to irrigation water quality (salinization) and soils salinity. Structure of the study In the first two chapters of this study, general details are given about water and soil resources quality, with a little emphasis to groundwater salinization and soils salinity and alkalinity. In the third chapter the region in which the study area belong to, is described. The main characteristics which are presented are geology of the area, geomorphology and historical facts. Moreover, the chapter includes the basic land use in the project area. In the fourth chapter are presented the water and soil quality data from previous projects which have carried out in the study area. Firstly, there are data from the research of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), German Water Engineering (GWE) in 1972. After that, two soils projects in the area had conducted in 1967 and in 1981, giving data for the quality of phreatic aquifer and soils samples. And finally, there are quality data for the surface water resources from the Peloponnese Region since 1986. In the fifth chapter, includes the research of this project. Firstly, data of the sampling both water and soils were picked up from the study area, chemical analysis and its results are showed. Finally, comments about the results are given. The elaboration process of the project The data about the area of interest were originally searched in local services like, Municipality of Vlachiotis and Peloponnese Region, and in other researching services such as Geological and Mineral Research Institute. In the study area were carried out, at random, sampling, of surface water and groundwater. Also, soils samples were picked up to. Water’s chemical analysis was carried out at the Technical Geology and Hydrogeology Laboratory, of the department of the Geological Science, which belongs to the National Technical University of Athens under the guidance of the people in charge of the laboratory. The chemical results of water were presented in hydro-chemical diagrams which were designed with Aquachem 4.0. Soils samples were carried out at the Agricultural Hydraulic Laboratory of the department of Water Resources, which belongs to the Agricultural University of Athens. What followed were the evaluation of the results of water and soils qualitative situation with emphasis on the reasons for the salinity, which was the problem identified, found localized in the study area. Conclusions After the study of water samples turned out that problems of seawater intrusion in groundwater aquifers, indeed happening, but salinization mainly appears in phreatic aquifer. This is happening due to the geological characteristics of this aquifer and its low transmissibility. Of course, also deep confined aquifers are in hydraulic contact with sea, on coastal areas, but they don’t show severe problems of salinization. The reason for that is the high transmissibility and large quantities of water they carry. Regarding soils quality, they seem not to have high salinity-alkalinity problems, with exception specific areas in the plain. These areas are located in the old swamps Trinassos and Asteri. In particular, in Asteri swamp we found fields high saline and alkalized, with no possibility for cultivation. Salinity in these places are caused by the salinization of phreatic aquifer which are at low depths and in situation of high evaporation salts move upwards and accumulate in vadose zone.	en
heal.advisorName	Κουμαντάκης, Ιωάννης	el
heal.committeeMemberName	Μακρόπουλος, Χρήστος	el
heal.committeeMemberName	Ψυχογιού, Μαρία	el
heal.academicPublisher	Σχολή Μηχανικών Μεταλλείων Μεταλλουργών	el
heal.academicPublisherID	ntua
heal.numberOfPages	119
heal.fullTextAvailability	true