Experimental Design and Optimization of Recovering Bioactive Compounds from Chlorella vulgaris through Conventional Extraction

Georgiopoulou, Ioulia; Tzima, Soultana; Pappa, Georgia; Louli, Vasiliki; Voutsas, Epameinondas; Magoulas, Kostis

dc.contributor.author	Georgiopoulou, Ioulia
dc.contributor.author	Tzima, Soultana
dc.contributor.author	Pappa, Georgia
dc.contributor.author	Louli, Vasiliki
dc.contributor.author	Voutsas, Epameinondas
dc.contributor.author	Magoulas, Kostis
dc.date.accessioned	2023-10-11T13:05:03Z
dc.date.available	2023-10-11T13:05:03Z
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/58150
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.26240/heal.ntua.25846
dc.rights	Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/gr/	*
dc.subject	microalgae	en
dc.subject	green solvents	en
dc.subject	carotenoids	en
dc.subject	chlorophylls	en
dc.subject	phenolic compounds	en
dc.subject	antioxidant activity	en
dc.subject	extraction optimization	en
dc.title	Experimental Design and Optimization of Recovering Bioactive Compounds from Chlorella vulgaris through Conventional Extraction	en
heal.type	journalArticle
heal.classification	Chemical engineering	en
heal.language	en
heal.access	free
heal.recordProvider	ntua	el
heal.publicationDate	2021-12-21
heal.bibliographicCitation	Georgiopoulou, I., Tzima, S., Pappa, G. D., Louli, V., Voutsas, E., Magoulas, K., Experimental design and optimization of recovering bioactive compounds from chlorella vulgaris through conventional extraction. Molecules, 27(1), 29, MDPI, 2021.	en
heal.abstract	Microalgae contain an abundance of valuable bioactive compounds such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phenolics and, consequently, present great commercial interest. The aim of this work is the study and optimization of recovering the aforementioned components from the microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris through conventional extraction in a laboratory-scale apparatus using a “green” mixture of ethanol/water 90/10 v/v. The effect of three operational conditions—namely, temperature (30–60 °C), duration (6–24 h) and solvent-to-biomass ratio (20–90 mLsolv/gbiom), was examined regarding the extracts’ yield (gravimetrically), antioxidant activity, phenolic, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents (spectrophotometric assays), as well as concentration in key carotenoids, i.e., astaxanthin, lutein, and β-carotene (reversed-phase–high-performance liquid chromatography (RP–HPLC)). For this purpose, a face-centered central composite design (FC-CCD) was employed. Data analysis resulted in the optimal extraction conditions of 30 °C, for 24 h with 37 mLsolv/gbiom and validation of the predicted models led to 15.39% w/w yield, 52.58 mgextr/mgDPPH (IC50) antioxidant activity, total phenolic, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content of 18.23, 53.47 and 9.92 mg/gextr, respectively, and the total sum of key carotenoids equal to 4.12 mg/gextr. The experimental data and predicted results were considered comparable, and consequently, the corresponding regression models were sufficiently reliable for prediction.	en
heal.sponsor	This research has been co-financed as part of the research program BIONAMA (project code Τ1EDK–04223) by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH–CREATE–INNOVATE.	en
heal.publisher	MDPI	en
heal.journalName	Molecules	en
heal.journalType	peer-reviewed
heal.fullTextAvailability	false
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010029	el