Supercritical CO2 Extraction of High-Added Value Compounds from Chlorella vulgaris: Experimental Design, Modelling and Optimization

Georgiopoulou, Ioulia; Tzima, Soultana; Louli, Vasiliki; Magoulas, Kostis

dc.contributor.author	Georgiopoulou, Ioulia
dc.contributor.author	Tzima, Soultana
dc.contributor.author	Louli, Vasiliki
dc.contributor.author	Magoulas, Kostis
dc.date.accessioned	2023-10-11T13:23:00Z
dc.date.available	2023-10-11T13:23:00Z
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/58151
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.26240/heal.ntua.25847
dc.rights	Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Μη Εμπορική Χρήση-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/gr/	*
dc.subject	Chlorella vulgaris	en
dc.subject	bioactive compounds	en
dc.subject	phenolic content	en
dc.subject	chlorophylls	en
dc.subject	carotenoids	en
dc.subject	antioxidant activity	en
dc.subject	mass transfer	en
dc.subject	modelling	en
dc.subject	extraction optimization	en
dc.subject	cosolvent effect	en
dc.title	Supercritical CO2 Extraction of High-Added Value Compounds from Chlorella vulgaris: Experimental Design, Modelling and Optimization	en
heal.type	journalArticle
heal.classification	Chemical Engineering	en
heal.language	en
heal.access	free
heal.recordProvider	ntua	el
heal.publicationDate	2022-09-10
heal.bibliographicCitation	Georgiopoulou, I., Tzima, S., Louli, V., & Magoulas, K., Supercritical CO2 extraction of high-added value compounds from Chlorella vulgaris: experimental design, modelling and optimization, Molecules, 27(18), 5884, MDPI, 2022.	en
heal.abstract	Microalgae are well-known for their high-added value compounds and their recovery is currently of great interest. The aim of this work is the recovery of such components from Chlorella vulgaris through supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO2. The effect of the extraction temperature (40–60 °C), pressure (110–250 bar), and solvent flow rate (20–40 g/min) was tested on yield, the extract’s antioxidant activity, and the phenolic, chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Thus, data analysis indicated that the yield was mainly affected by temperature, carotenoids by pressure, while the extract’s phenolics and antioxidant activity were affected by the synergy of temperature and pressure. Moreover, SFE’s kinetic study was performed and experimental data were correlated using Sovová’s mass transfer-based model. SFE optimization (60 °C, 250 bar, 40 g/min) led to 3.37% w/w yield, 44.35 mgextr/mgDPPH antioxidant activity (IC50), 18.29 mgGA/gextr total phenolic content, 35.55, 21.14 and 10.00 mg/gextr total chlorophyll, carotenoid and selected carotenoid content (astaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene), respectively. A comparison of SFE with conventional aq. ethanol (90% v/v) extraction proved SFE’s superiority regarding extraction duration, carotenoids, antioxidant activity and organoleptic characteristics of color and odor despite the lower yield. Finally, cosolvent addition (ethanol 10% w/w) at optimum SFE conditions improved the extract’s antioxidant activity (19.46%) as well as yield (101.81%).	en
heal.sponsor	This research has been co-financed as part of the research program BIONAMA (project code T1EDK-04223) by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH-CREATE-INNOVATE.	en
heal.publisher	MDPI	en
heal.journalName	Molecules	en
heal.journalType	peer-reviewed
heal.fullTextAvailability	false
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27185884	el