Methodologies for the integrated analysis and assessment of shared-space urban roads

Τζούρας, Παναγιώτης; Panagiotis G., Tzouras

dc.contributor.author	Τζούρας, Παναγιώτης	el
dc.contributor.author	Panagiotis G., Tzouras	en
dc.date.accessioned	2024-02-13T11:23:23Z
dc.date.available	2024-02-13T11:23:23Z
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/58885
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.26240/heal.ntua.26581
dc.rights	Αναφορά Δημιουργού-Όχι Παράγωγα Έργα 3.0 Ελλάδα	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/gr/	*
dc.subject	Shared space	en
dc.subject	Future urban road	en
dc.subject	Road networks	en
dc.subject	Road environment	en
dc.subject	Coexistence	en
dc.subject	Pperceived safety	en
dc.subject	Mobility choices	en
dc.subject	Agent based models	en
dc.subject	Accessibility	en
dc.subject	Transport equity	en
dc.subject	Δρόμοι συνύπαρξης	el
dc.subject	Αστικός δρόμος	el
dc.subject	Οδικά δίκτυα	el
dc.subject	Ισότητα μεταφορών	el
dc.title	Methodologies for the integrated analysis and assessment of shared-space urban roads	en
dc.title	Μεθοδολογίες ολοκληρωμένης ανάλυσης και αξιολόγησης αστικών οδών συνύπαρξης	el
heal.type	doctoralThesis
heal.generalDescription	- Shared space as a concept creates some significant contradictions among mobility experts. - A noticeable proportional increase in pedestrian crossing was observed in shared space sections. - Car drivers react to the increased interactions by following a more homogeneous driving behavior. - The provision of more abstract space to pedestrians further encourages pedestrian crossing. - On the contrary, large abstract circulation zones result in non-compliance with the reduced speed limits. - A broad consensus exists about the safety benefits of shared spaces compared to car dominated roads. - Lower speed limits in the inner urban road network led to increase of public transport ridership. - The effectiveness of shared spaces in mitigating congestion will be determined by speed compliance. - Shared space networks pave the way for a more equitable transport ecosystem. - Yet, the usage and the mean accessibility of sustainable transport modes was not noticeably improved.	en
heal.classification	Transport Planning	en
heal.classification	Transport Enginnering	en
heal.language	en
heal.access	free
heal.recordProvider	ntua	el
heal.publicationDate	2023-11-30
heal.abstract	Shared space refers to that part of urban road space that all road users including pedestrians, cyclists, vehicles, and disabled people are encouraged and legally enabled to occupy with little physical or visual separation. It can be considered as a potential design that will solve the road space allocation problem that many dense cities face. Indeed, the narrow streets limit the available space to safely segregate traffic flows. Yet, in the literature, no assessment study attempted to explore the direct/indirect impacts of shared space considering the entire transport system and multiple perspectives of the problem. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to develop integrated methodologies to evaluate shared space as a design concept for the future. The perspectives considered in this comprehensive approach are a) concept potential and acceptability, b) road users’ traffic behavior, c) road users’ safety perceptions, d) transport system efficiency, and e) accessibility and equity. The first process aims to evaluate the potential of shared space to transform the future urban road. A systematic literature review, interviews with experts, and the Q-method are applied to collect and analyze different perspectives around it. The second research process focuses on assessing the feasibility of road users’ coexistence in the same road environment by modeling empirical data coming from four different shared spaces. The pedestrian crossing rate and drivers’ speed compliance are major factors to describe the coexistence. The examination of safety perceptions in shared space is performed in the third research process. Based on image-based double-stated preferences, the way that perceived safety influences mode/route choices is investigated. Last, all developed models are integrated into MATSim to evaluate the efficiency, accessibility, and equity of an extensive shared space network. Two simulation experiments in Berlin and Athens were conducted. The results of the qualitative approach show three dilemmas that will form future urban roads: prioritization of modes? Human first or not? b) Share or segregate (and therefore regulate or not) and c) design systems or roads? The results of the empirical analysis show a noticeable proportional increase in pedestrian crossings in the shared space, while car drivers follow a more homogeneous driving behavior with lower speeds. Shared space is divided into three abstract zones: circulation, activity, and safe zone. The provision of more space to pedestrians further encourages pedestrian crossing. The same happens with car drivers, where large circulation zones induce high-speed compliance rates. Regarding safety perceptions, the idea of shared spaces emerges as a potential solution, offering a balance for all road users. Interestingly, there is a broader consensus about the safety benefits of shared spaces, especially when compared to car-dominated road designs. In this study, it became evident that safety perceptions vary among road users and even individuals. Τhe influence of these concerns on mode choice also diverges significantly. This results in a complex reality, best approached using agent-based models. The simulation data revealed a direct correlation between reduced speed limits and an uptick in the utilization of public transport leading to a noticeable decrease in congestion points. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that the key factor for the success of lowering speed limits is drivers' compliance. In scenarios with no compliance, the impact of shared space is negligible. Overall, shared space networks pave the way for a more equitable transport ecosystem, where each traveler, irrespective of their chosen mode, can anticipate a consistent trip characterized by fewer unsafe interruptions or discontinuities. Although the approach of segregation can cause serious modal shifts leading to a more sustainable future, it gives rise to greater spatial inequities. Rather than configuring streets to accommodate autonomous vehicles, transport, and urban planners should set requirements that the vehicles should adapt to. Shared space can be one. These areas do not have to stand in isolation either; they can integrate with segregated cycle networks, thereby developing a new hierarchy in road infrastructure. A successful shared space is more than instituting a 30 km/h speed limit. It is about designing environments that guide users towards compliance.	en
heal.sponsor	The research work was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) under the 3rd Call for HFRI PhD Fellowships (Fellowship Number: 5785).	en
heal.advisorName	Konstantinos, Kepaptsoglou
heal.committeeMemberName	Ioannis, Kaparias
heal.committeeMemberName	Efthimios, Bakogiannis
heal.committeeMemberName	Eleni, Vlahogianni
heal.committeeMemberName	Ioanna, Spyropoulou
heal.committeeMemberName	Nikolaos, Geroliminis
heal.committeeMemberName	Alexandros, Nikitas
heal.committeeMemberName	Konstantinos, Kepaptsoglou
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heal.academicPublisher	Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο. Σχολή Αγρονόμων και Τοπογράφων Μηχανικών. Τομέας Έργων Υποδομής και Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης. Εργαστήριο Συγκοινωνιακής Τεχνικής	el
heal.academicPublisherID	ntua
heal.numberOfPages	199
heal.fullTextAvailability	false