Flame-made calcium phosphate nanoparticles for biomolecule delivery

Chronopoulou, Eleni; Χρονοπούλου, Ελένη

dc.contributor.author	Chronopoulou, Eleni	en
dc.contributor.author	Χρονοπούλου, Ελένη	el
dc.date.accessioned	2024-11-08T12:54:48Z
dc.date.available	2024-11-08T12:54:48Z
dc.identifier.uri	https://dspace.lib.ntua.gr/xmlui/handle/123456789/60404
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.26240/heal.ntua.28100
dc.rights	Default License
dc.subject	Biologics	en
dc.subject	Calcium phosphate	en
dc.subject	Drug delivery	en
dc.subject	Flame spray pyrolysis	en
dc.subject	Nanocarriers	en
dc.subject	Nucleic acid vaccine application	en
dc.subject	Poly-L-lysine	en
dc.subject	Stability	en
dc.title	Flame-made calcium phosphate nanoparticles for biomolecule delivery	en
heal.type	masterThesis
heal.classification	Nanoparticle Engineering for Biomedicine	en
heal.language	en
heal.access	free
heal.recordProvider	ntua	el
heal.publicationDate	2024-07-08
heal.abstract	This thesis investigates the synthesis and characterization of flame-made calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of biomolecules, with a particular emphasis on nucleic acid vaccine applications. Utilizing flame spray pyrolysis, we achieved scalable and reproducible pro- duction of CaP nanoparticles. By tuning the flame ratio, we could control the unique properties of these nanoparticles. Their size distribution was characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), while their transfection efficiency was evaluated through confocal microscopy and flow cytom- etry. Additional techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), freeze-drying, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to assess the system’s stability, structure, and composition. These nanoparticles demonstrated a substantial capacity for loading double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), making them highly suitable for vaccine de- livery. To enhance their stability and transfection efficiency, the CaP nanoparticles were coated with poly-L-lysine (PLL), a cationic synthetic polymer. The PLL coating significantly reduced particle size and increased stability, addressing common challenges such as nanoparticle aggrega- tion and inefficient cellular uptake. The optimized DNA@CaP/PLL nanocarrier formulations were further examined for their DNA transfection efficiency. In vitro studies showed that PLL-coated CaP nanoparticles significantly improved the delivery and expression of DNA within target cells compared to uncoated nanoparticles. This enhanced performance is attributed to the increased sta- bility and improved cellular uptake facilitated by the PLL coating and the positive shift in surface charge of the formulations. The primary objectives of this research were to optimize the synthesis and coating parameters of CaP nanoparticles, maximize DNA loading, and enhance transfection efficiency. The findings suggest that PLL-coated CaP nanoparticles can serve as effective nanocarri- ers for biomolecule delivery applications, potentially improving immune responses through targeted delivery and sustained antigen release. This study contributes to the field of nanomedicine by presenting a robust method for producing and utilizing CaP nanoparticles in biomolecule delivery, particularly for vaccine development. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of CaP nanoparticles, combined with the enhanced functionality provided by PLL coating, offer a promising platform for advancing DNA vaccine efficacy. Future work will focus on in vivo validation and further optimization to fully realize the potential of these nanocarriers.	en
heal.advisorName	Nikita, Konstantina	en
heal.advisorName	Sotiriou, Georgios	en
heal.committeeMemberName	Nikita, Konstantina	en
heal.committeeMemberName	Sotiriou, Georgios	en
heal.committeeMemberName	Golemati, Spyretta	en
heal.academicPublisher	Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο. Σχολή Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Μηχανικών Υπολογιστών	el
heal.academicPublisherID	ntua
heal.fullTextAvailability	false